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The challenge of identifying tuberculosis proteins in archaeological tissues

ABSTRACT: Following the report of Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins derived from archaeological bone by Boros-Major et al. (2011), we attempted to recover M. tuberculosis proteins in mummified lung tissues from which aDNA success had already been reported. Using a filter-aided sample preparation protocol modified for ancient samples we applied shotgun proteomics to seven samples of mummified lung, chest and pleura tissues. However, we only identified four peptides with unique matches to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, none of which were unique to M. tuberculosis, although we did identify a range of human proteins and non-mycobacterial bacterial proteins. In light of these limited results, we question the validity of the peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) approach presented by Boros-Major et al. (2011), especially due to its similarity to that of human collagen, the dominant protein in the tissue under investigation. We explore the challenges of using proteomic approaches to detect M. tuberculosis, and propose that, given the contentious outcomes that have plagued ancient protein research in the past, the susceptibility of ancient material to modern contamination, and the degradation inherent in archaeological materials, caution is needed in the acquisition, analysis and reporting of proteomic data from such material.

INSTRUMENT(S): maXis

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Lung, Thorax

DISEASE(S): Tuberculosis

SUBMITTER: Jessica Hendy

LAB HEAD: Matthew Collins

PROVIDER: PXD002673 | Pride | 2016-02-19

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	B298_C25_1-D,3_01_2225.pride.mgf.gz	Mgf
	B298_C25_1-D3_01_2225.mgf	Mgf
	B298_C25_1-D3_01_2225_analysis.baf	Other
	B298_C50_1-D,4_01_2227.pride.mgf.gz	Mgf
	B298_C50_1-D4_01_2227.mgf	Mgf

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Project description:Over the past few years, studies of DNA isolated from human fossils and archaeological remains have generated considerable novel insight into the history of our species. Several landmark papers have described the genomes of ancient human ancestors and have demonstrated that contemporary humans harbour genetic material from ancient close relatives, the Neanderthals and Denisovans, and that ancient human individuals are often genetically distinct from nearby extant populations whilst also showing affinities with populations from further afield. Across West Eurasia, there is growing genetic evidence of large-scale, dynamic population movements over the period between 10,000 to 2,000 years ago, such that the ancestry across present-day populations is likely to be a mixture of several ancient groups. Whilst these efforts are bringing the details of West Eurasian prehistory into increasing focus, studies aimed at understanding the processes behind the generation of the current West Eurasian genetic landscape have been limited by the number of populations sampled, or have been either too regional or global in their outlook. Here, using recently described haplotype-based techniques, we present the results of a systematic survey of recent admixture history across Western Eurasia and show that admixture is a universal property across almost all groups. Admixture in all regions except North Western Europe involved the influx of genetic material from outside of West Eurasia, which we date to specific time periods. Within Northern, Western, and Central Europe, admixture tended to occur between local groups during the period 300 to 1200CE. Comparisons of the genetic profiles of West Eurasians before and after admixture show that population movements within the last 1500 years are likely to have maintained differentiation amongst groups. Our analysis provides a timeline of the gene flow events that have generated the contemporary genetic landscape of West Eurasia. 20 individuals from Croatia included as part of an analysis of admixture in West Eurasia

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The challenge of identifying tuberculosis proteins in archaeological tissues

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