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Peptide diversity of myrmicine ant venoms

ABSTRACT: Using integrated transcriptomics and proteomic approaches, we characterized the venom peptidome of six ants representative of the six Myrmicinae tribes : Myrmica ruginodis, Pogonomyrmex californicus, Stenamma debile, Solenopsis saevissima, Daceton armigerum and Tetramorium africanum. We identified a total of 79 myrmicitoxin precursors which can be classified into 38 biochemical families according to their mature sequences. Myrmicine ant venom peptidome exhibited heterogeneous composition.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Myrmica Ruginodis Tetramorium Sp. Solenopsis Saevissima Stenamma Debile Pogonomyrmex Californicus Daceton Armigerum

SUBMITTER: Axel Touchard

LAB HEAD: Michel Treilhou

PROVIDER: PXD033547 | Pride | 2024-10-16

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Source:

			Action	DRS
	1816003-Q2-Denovo-Tetramoriumafricanum.ods	Other
	1816003-Q2_africanum.raw	Raw
	1816003-Q4-Denovo-Dacetonarmigerum.ods	Other
	1816003-Q4_Dacetonarmigerum.raw	Raw
	1838003-Q1-DENOVO-Stenammadebile.ods	Other

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Project description:Background: Eusociality is widely considered to evolve through kin selection, where the reproductive success of an individual’s close relative is favored at the expense of its own. High genetic relatedness is thus considered a prerequisite for eusociality. While ants are textbook examples of eusocial animals, not all ants form colonies of closely related individuals. One such example is the ectatommine ant Rhytidoponera metallica, which predominantly forms predominantly queen-less colonies that have such a low intra-colony relatedness that they have been proposed to represent a transient, unstable form of eusociality. However, R. metallica is among the most abundant and widespread ants on the Australian continent. This apparent contrast provides an example of how inclusive fitness may not by itself explain the maintenance of eusociality and raises the question of what other selective advantages maintain their eusocial lifestyle. Results: We provide a comprehensive portrait of the venom of R. metallica and show that the colony-wide venom consists of a, for an ant, exceptionally high diversity of functionally distinct toxins. These toxins have evolved under strong positive selection, which is normally expected to reduce genetic variance. Yet, R. metallica exhibits remarkable intra-colony variation, with workers sharing only a relatively small proportion of toxins in their venoms. We also find that this variation is not due to the presence of chemical castes, but that it has a genetic foundation that is at least in part explained by toxin allelic diversity. Conclusions: Taken together, our results suggest that the toxin diversity contained in R. metallica colonies may be maintained by a form of group selection, which selects for colonies that can exploit more resources and defend against a wider range of predators. We propose that increased intra-colony genetic variance resulting from low kinship may itself provide a selective advantage in the form of an expanded pharmacological venom repertoire. These findings provide an example of how group selection on adaptive phenotypes may contribute to maintaining eusociality where a prerequisite for kin selection is diminished.

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Peptide diversity of myrmicine ant venoms

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