Dataset Information

Molecular fingerprint by omics-based approaches in saliva from patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection

ABSTRACT: Clinical expression of COVID-19 infection is widely variable including fatal cases alongside a- or pauci-symptomatic cases with a rapid resolution. We studied saliva from 63 hospitalized COVID patients and from 30 healthy controls by integrating proteomics. peptidomics. and metabolomics to assess the biochemical alterations following the infection and to obtain a set of biomarkers useful for non-invasive diagnosis. We used LC-MS/MS for proteomic and peptidomic analysis and LC-MRM/MS for the analysis of amino acids. The levels of 77 proteins were significantly different in COVID patients. among which 14 proteins were found only in saliva from patients with COVID-19 (7 proteins) or were up-regulated (4 proteins) or down-regulated (3 proteins) at least 5 folds in saliva from COVID patients in comparison to controls. The analysis of proteins revealed a complex balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory proteins. and a reduced amount of several proteins with immune activity that possibly favors the spreading of the virus.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap Elite

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Saliva

DISEASE(S): Covid-19

SUBMITTER: Anna Illiano

LAB HEAD: Anna Illiano

PROVIDER: PXD045612 | Pride | 2024-10-17

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Molecular fingerprint by omics-based approaches in saliva from patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Pinto Gabriella G Gelzo Monica M Cernera Gustavo G Esposito Mariapia M Illiano Anna A Serpico Stefania S Pinchera Biagio B Gentile Ivan I Castaldo Giuseppe G Amoresano Angela A

Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS 20240901 9

Clinical expression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infectionis widely variable including fatal cases and patients with mild symptoms and a rapid resolution. We studied saliva from 63 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and from 30 healthy controls by integrating large-scale proteomics, peptidomics and targeted metabolomics to assess the biochemical alterations following the infection and to obtain a set of putative biomarkers useful for noninvasive diagnosis. We used an untargeted approach by ...[more]

PMID: 39228271

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Project description:Saliva, a biofluid enriched in biological omic constituents, has emerged as a promising source for exosomal biomarkers due to its easy accessibility. Despite the understanding of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), the role of Salivary Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) in COVID-19 remains poorly understood. Exploring the proteomic cargo of sEVs could prove valuable for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in assessing COVID-19. The proteomic cargo of sEVs from COVID-19 (+) subjects and their healthy close contacts (HCC) was explored. Nine COVID-19 positive (+) patients and eleven in-house close contact patients identified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of nasopharyngeal swabs were included. In-house close contacts were defined as individuals with a negative RT-qPCR result sharing a residence with a confirmed COVID-19 case. sEVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation from unstimulated saliva samples, and subsequently characterized through nanoparticle tracking, transmission electron microscopy, and western-blot analyses. The proteomic cargo of sEVs was processed by LC-MS/MS. sEVs were morphologically compatible with EVs, with the presence of Syntenin-1 and CD81 EVs markers. The sEVs proteome showed 1,417 proteins: 1,288 in COVID-19 (+) cases and 1,382 in HCC. 35 proteins were found exclusively and 89 were more abundant in sEVs from COVID-19 (+) subjects. “Coronavirus disease response”, “complement and coagulation cascades”, and “PMN extracellular trap formation” were the most enriched KEGG pathways in COVID-19 (+) cases. The most represented biological processes were “Hemoglobin and haptoglobin binding” and “oxygen carrier activity”, and the best-denoted molecular functions were “regulated exocytosis and secretion” and “leucocyte and PMN mediated immunity”. We suggest that sEVs proteomic cargo in COVID-19 is related to immune response processes, oxygen transport, and antioxidant mechanisms. In contrast, in HCC, sEVs signature profiles are mainly associated with epithelial homeostasis.

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