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Pantothenate kinase 4 controls skeletal muscle substrate metabolism

ABSTRACT: Metabolic flexibility in skeletal muscle is essential for maintaining healthy glucose and lipid metabolism, and its dysfunction is closely linked to metabolic diseases. Exercise enhances metabolic flexibility, making it an important tool for discovering mechanisms that promote efficient energy metabolism. We herein discover pantothenate kinase 4 (PanK4) as a conserved exercise target with high abundance in muscle. Germline deletion of Pank4 reduces circulating IGF-1 and stunts growth in mice. Muscle-specific deletion of Pank4 leads to a reduction in carnitzed and in impaired fatty acid oxidation in oxidative muscle which is related to higher acetyl-CoA and malonyl levels. Acetyl-CoA levels were persistently elevated in SkM lacking PanK4, independent of prandial state. In addition to perturbations of fatty acid oxidation, high SkM acetyl-CoA levels were associated with whole-body glucose intolerance, impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into glycolytic SkM and impaired SkM glucose uptake during exercise. Conversely, we show that an increase in PanK4 lowers acetyl-CoA and increases glucose uptake in glycolytic SkM. Our findings identify PanK4 as a conserved exercise target that regulates SkM acetyl-CoA levels and plays a key role in lipid and glucose metabolism.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Skeletal Muscle

SUBMITTER: Stefanie Hauck

LAB HEAD: Stefanie M. Hauck

PROVIDER: PXD057017 | Pride | 2024-10-25

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	92-37404_KLM11062A2_1_KO.raw	Raw
	92-37405_KLM11062A3_2_KO.raw	Raw
	92-37406_KLM11062A4_3_KO.raw	Raw
	92-37407_KLM11062A5_4_KO.raw	Raw
	92-37408_KLM11062A6_5_KO.raw	Raw

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Project description:Aims/hypothesis: While lipid deposition in skeletal muscle is considered to be involved in obesity-associated insulin resistance, neutral intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation per se does not necessarily induce insulin resistance. We previously demonstrated that overexpression of the lipid droplet coat protein perilipin 2 augments intramyocellular lipid content while improving insulin sensitivity. Another member of the perilipin family, perilipin 5 (PLIN5), is predominantly expressed in oxidative tissues like skeletal muscle. Here we investigated the effects of PLIN5 overexpression M-bM-^@M-^S in comparison with effects of PLIN2 M-bM-^@M-^S on skeletal muscle lipid levels, gene expression profiles and insulin sensitivity. Methods: Gene electroporation was used to overexpress PLIN5 in tibialis anterior muscle of rats fed a high fat diet. Eight days after electroporation, insulin-mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle was measured by means of a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and lipid extractions were performed to investigate IMCL accumulation. Gene expression profiles were obtained using microarrays. Results: TAG storage and lipid droplet size increased upon PLIN5 overexpression. Despite the higher IMCL content, insulin sensitivity was not impaired and DAG and acylcarnitine levels were unaffected. In contrast to the effects of PLIN2 overexpression, microarray data analysis revealed a gene expression profile favoring FA oxidation and improved mitochondrial function. Conclusions/interpretation: Both PLIN2 and PLIN5 increase neutral IMCL content without impeding insulin-mediated glucose uptake. As opposed to the effects of PLIN2 overexpression, overexpression of PLIN5 in skeletal muscle promoted expression of a cluster of genes under control of PPARM-NM-1 and PGC1M-NM-1 involved in FA catabolism and mitochondrial oxidation. Rats received a high fat diet for 3 weeks; 2 weeks after start of the diet intervention Plin5 (OXPAT) or Plin2 (ADRP) were overexpressed in either the right or left tibialis anterior muscle. One week later pooled tibialis anterior muscle samples were analysed on microarrays.

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Pantothenate kinase 4 controls skeletal muscle substrate metabolism

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