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A subcellular map of translational machinery composition and regulation at the single-molecule level

ABSTRACT: Millions of ribosomes are packed within mammalian cells, yet we lack tools to visualize them in toto and characterize their subcellular composition. Here, we present ribosome expansion microscopy (RiboExM) to visualize individual ribosomes and an optogenetic proximity-labeling technique (ALIBi) to probe their composition. We generated a super-resolution ribosomal map, revealing unexpected subcellular translational hotspots and enrichment of 60S subunits near polysomes at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We found that Lsg1 tethers 60S to the ER and regulates translation of select proteins. Additionally, we discovered ribosome heterogeneity at mitochondria guiding translation of metabolism-related transcripts. Finally, we visualized ribosomes in neurons, revealing a dynamic switch between monosomes and polysomes in neuronal translation. Together, these approaches enable exploration of ribosomal localization and composition at unprecedented resolution.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Eclipse

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Cell Culture, Embryonic Stem Cell

DISEASE(S): Disease Free

SUBMITTER: Adele Xu

LAB HEAD: Maria Barna

PROVIDER: PXD058668 | Pride | 2025-03-05

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	Adele_TMT_053024_P4-1.raw	Raw
	Adele_TMT_053024_P4-2.raw	Raw
	Adele_TMT_053024_P4-3.raw	Raw
	Adele_TMT_053024_P4-4.raw	Raw
	Adele_TMT_053024_P4-5.raw	Raw

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