ABSTRACT: Next generation-sequencing of extracellular RNAs identified extracellular full-length mature miRNAs which are not associated with extracellular vesicles
Project description:Extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) released by gut microbiota are key players in the communication with the host. Next-generation sequencing of small RNAs was used to quantify miRNA expression in monocyte-derived dendritic cells after 24 h-stimulation with MVs isolated from two E. coli intestinal isolates, the probiotic E. coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) and the commensal ECOR12. Analysis revealed miRNAs differentially expressed in response to MVs compared to immature control dendritic cells (log2fold-change > 0.7 and padj < 0.001). A common set of miRNAs was modulated by MVs from both strains (46 downregulated, 75 upregulated). In addition, these vesicles elicited differential expression of specific miRNAs depending on the producer strain (26 downregulated and 23 upregulated by EcN; 48 downregulated and 49 upregulated by ECOR12).
Project description:We aimed to clarify what specific changes occur in the expression level of extracellular vesicles (EVs) -derived microRNAs (miRNAs) in intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in moyamoya disease. Patients with arteriosclerotic cerebral ischemia were used as controls to eliminate the effects of cerebral ischemia. Comprehensive expression analysis of miRNAs extracted from EVs by the next-generation sequencer was performed.
Project description:To identify the extracellular-vesicle-encapsulated miRNAs that are differentially secreted by the MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells following treatment with chemotherapy drugs, we profiled the small RNAs (between 17 and 52 nt) isolated from extracellular vesicles by Illumina sequencing. miRNAs that are significantly induced by chemotherapy drugs are identified.
Project description:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles containing specific repertoires of genetic material. In mammals, EVs can mediate the horizontal transfer of various cargos and signaling molecules, notably miRNA and mRNA species. Whether this form of intercellular communication prevails in other metazoans remains unclear. Here, we report the first parallel comparative morphologic and transcriptomic characterization of EVs from Drosophila and human cellular models. Electronic microscopy revealed that Drosophila, like human cells release exosome-like EVs with diameter ranging from 30 to 200 nm, which contain complex populations of transcripts. RNA-seq identified abundant ribosomal RNA pseudogenes and retrotransposons in human and Drosophila EVs. Vault RNAs and Y RNAs abounded in human samples, whereas small nucleolar RNAs involved in pseudouridylation were most prevalent in Drosophila EVs. Numerous mRNAs were identified, largely consisting of exonic sequences displaying full-length read coverage and enriched for translation and electronic transport chain functions. By analogy with human systems, these extensive similarities suggest that EVs could also enable RNA-mediated intercellular communication in Drosophila. We performed RNA-seq on extracellular vesicles purified from of human and Drosophila cell line cultures. S2R+ and D17 Drosophila EVs were analyzed, along with human A431 and HepG2 EVs. No ribosomal RNA depletion or polyA selection was performed on EV samples. For comparative analyses, we also analyzed total cellular RNA from Drosophila D17 and human HepG2. Ribodepletion was performed on cellular samples.
Project description:We developed a hybrid-sequencing workflow, combining next-generation and third-generation sequencing, to reconstruct full-length transcriptomes. Integrating with polysome profiling and ribosome footprinting data, we predicted isoform–specific translational status and reconstructed ORFeome. Moreover, we identified isoforms with specific subcellular localization pattern in neurons.
Project description:We report the differential abundance of cell free miRNAs extracted from extracellular vesicles (EV) in the peripheral blood of pregnant women with or without preeclampsia by Next Generation Sequencing. Maternal blood samples were collected form pregnant women enrolled in the study during first to very early second trimester (11–14 weeks ), mid- to late second trimester (19–22 weeks), third trimester (36 weeks) and at delivery. Extracellular vesicles were isolated from peripheral blood and total RNA was extracted using the miRNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) following manufacturer’s instruction. miRNA libraries were prepared utilizing NEB Next Multiplex small RNA Library prep kit (NEB E7300S; New England Biolabs, Inc, Ipswich, MA, USA) and libraries were subsequently sequenced using the HiSeq-2500 platform with single-end 50bp reads (Illumina Inc.; San Diego, CA, USA).
Project description:The miRNAs high-throughput sequencing for extracellular vesicles derived from A549 cell lines treated with and without intermittent hypoxia (EV-NA and EV-IH) were carried out. Three samples were processed for each group. The total RNA or purified sRNA fragment of the sample was extracted, and the 3 'and 5' connectors were successively connected to reverse transcription into cDNA, and then PCR amplification was performed. Then the target fragment library was recovered by glue cutting, and the qualified library was sequenced. Clean reads obtained by sequencing were compared with all mature miRNA sequences in miRDeep2 and miRBase. v22 database to obtain the structure, length and other information of miRNA and calculate its expression level.
Project description:5’ ends are important for determining the fate of RNA molecules. BCDIN3D is an RNA phospho-methyltransferase that methylates the 5’ monophosphate of specific RNAs. In order to gain new insights into the molecular function of BCDIN3D, we performed an unbiased analysis of its interacting RNAs by Thermostable Group II Intron Reverse Transcriptase coupled to next generation sequencing (TGIRT-seq). Our analyses showed that BCDIN3D interacts with full-length phospho-methylated tRNAHis and miR-4454. Interestingly, we found that miR-4455 is not synthesized from the annotated genomic locus, which is a primer-binding site for an endogenous retrovirus, but rather by Dicer cleavage of mature tRNAHis. Sequence analysis revealed that miR-4454 is identical to the 3’ end of tRNAHis. Moreover, we were able to generate this “miRNA” in vitro through incubation of mature tRNAHis with Dicer. As found previously for several pre-miRNAs, a 5’P-tRNAHis appears to be a better substrate for Dicer cleavage than a phospho-methylated tRNAHis. Moreover, tRNAHis 3’-fragment/”miR-4454” levels increase in cells depleted for BCDIN3D. Altogether, our results show that in addition to microRNAs, BCDIN3D regulates tRNAHis 3’-fragment processing without negatively affecting tRNAHis’s canonical function of aminoacylation.