ABSTRACT: Develpment of a diversity panel for tetraploid wheat which include wild emmer wheat from across its distribution ranges, domesticated emmer wheat, durum landraces and durum varieties.
Project description:Amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (ATIs) are putative triggers of nonceliac gluten sensitivity, but contents of ATIs in different wheat species were not available. Therefore, the predominant ATIs 0.19 + 0.53, 0.28, CM2, CM3, and CM16 in eight cultivars each of common wheat, durum wheat, spelt, emmer, and einkorn grown under the same environmental conditions were quantitated by targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC−MS/MS) and stable isotope dilution assays using specific marker peptides as internal standards. The results were compared to a label-free untargeted LC−MS/MS analysis, in which protein concentrations were determined by intensity based absolute quantitation. Both approaches yielded similar results. Spelt and emmer had higher ATI contents than common wheat, with durum wheat in between. Only three of eight einkorn cultivars contained ATIs in very low concentrations. The distribution of ATI types was characteristic for hexaploid, tetraploid, and diploid wheat species and suitable as species-specific fingerprint. The results point to a better tolerability of einkorn for NCGS patients, because of very low total ATI contents.
Project description:LC-MS/MS-based LFQ proteomics of 150 wheat full-kernel flours from five different wheat species (common wheat, spelt, durum wheat, emmer, einkorn) grown at three different locations.
Project description:We have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify genes to alter the transcript accumulation levels in a grass-clump dwarf line, which is a synthetic hexaploid line from triploid hybrids crossed between tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum cv. Langdon) and a diploid wheat relative Aegilops umbellulata (KU-4052). Up-regulation of metabolic and catabolic processes-related genes for cell wall-associated molecules was observed, and down-regulation of wheat APETALA1-like MADS-box genes, considered to act as flowering promoters, was found in the grass-clump dwarf line. Unusual expression of the branching-related SPLs and flowering time regulation-related MADS-box genes could explain the grass-clump dwarf phenotype.
Project description:We have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify genes to alter the transcript accumulation levels in grass-clump dwarf lines, which are synthetic hexaploid lines from triploid hybrids crossed between tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum cv. Langdon or T. turgidum ssp. carthlicum) and diploid wheat progenitor Aegilops tauschii (KU2025). No up-regulation of defense-related genes was observed under the normal temperature, and down-regulation of wheat APETALA1-like MADS-box genes, considered to act as flowering promoters, was found in the grass-clump dwarf lines. Together with small RNA sequencing analysis of the grass-clump dwarf line, unusual expression of the miR156/SPLs module could explain the grass-clump dwarf phenotype.
Project description:Wheat is one of the most significant crops in terms of human consumption in the world. In a climate change scenario, extreme weather event such as heatwaves will be more frequent especially during the grain-filling (GF) stage and could affect grain weight and quality of crops. Molecular mechanisms underlying the response to short heat stress (HS) have been widely reported for the hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) but the regulatory heat stress mechanisms in tetraploid durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) remain partially understood. In this work, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of durum wheat grains to HS during early GF to identify key HS response genes and their predicted regulatory networks under glasshouse conditions.
Project description:We used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) to perform a quantitative proteomic analysis of immature spikes harvested from tetraploid near-isogenic lines of wheat with normal spikelete (NSs), FRSs, and RSs and investigated the molecular mechanisms of lateral meristem differentiation and development. This work provides valuable insight into the underlying functions of the lateral meristem and how it can produce differences in the branching of tetraploid wheat spikes.
Project description:We have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to identify genes to alter the transcript accumulation levels in grass-clump dwarf lines, which are synthetic hexaploid lines from triploid hybrids crossed between tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum cv. Langdon or T. turgidum ssp. carthlicum) and diploid wheat progenitor Aegilops tauschii (KU2025). No up-regulation of defense-related genes was observed under the normal temperature, and down-regulation of wheat APETALA1-like MADS-box genes, considered to act as flowering promoters, was found in the grass-clump dwarf lines. Together with small RNA sequencing analysis of the grass-clump dwarf line, unusual expression of the miR156/SPLs module could explain the grass-clump dwarf phenotype. Expression patterns were compared between the three synthetic hexaploid lines showing the wild-type phenotype (as a reference) and grass-clump dwarf. Total RNA samples were isolated from crown tissues of the plants grown at 24°C under long day (18-h light and 6-h dark) condition for 8 weeks. Two independent experiments were conducted in each exprement.
Project description:An untargeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was used to analyze the content of peptides with celiac disease (CD) active epitope in the five wheat species common wheat, spelt, durum wheat, emmer and einkorn. In total, 494 peptides with CD active epitope were identified. Relevant differences between the species concerning their CD immunoractive potential based on the distribution of CD-active epitopes and relative quantities of peptides with CD-active epitope were demonstrated.
