Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1058453 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum genome
| PRJNA1058446 | ENA
Project description:<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> <em>Loropetalum chinense </em>var.<em> rubrum</em> (<em>L. chinense</em> var. <em>rubrum</em>) is a precious, native, coloured-leaf ornamental plant in the Hunan Province. We found a <em>L. chinense</em> var. <em>rubrum</em> tree with 3 different leaf colours: GL (green leaf), ML (mosaic leaf) and PL (purple leaf). The mechanism of leaf coloration in this plant is still unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the metabolites and genes involved in determining the colour composition of <em>L. chinense</em> var. <em>rubrum</em> leaves, using phenotypic/anatomic observations, pigment content detection, and comparative metabolomics and transcriptomics.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> We observed that the mesophyll cells in PL were purple, those in GL were green and those in ML were a mix of purple-green. The contents of chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and total chlorophyll in PL and ML were significantly lower than those in GL. While the anthocyanin content in PL and ML was significantly higher than that in GL. The metabolomics results showed that the differences in content of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5-O-diglucoside, pelargonin and petunidin 3,5-diglucoside in ML, GL and PL were significant. Considering that the trend of anthocyanin content change was consistent with the leaf colour difference, we speculated that these compounds might influence the colour of <em>L. chinense</em> var. <em>rubrum</em> leaves. Finally, using transcriptomics, we identified 9 differentially expressed structural genes (one <em>ANR</em> (<em>ANR1217</em>); four <em>CYP75A</em> (<em>CYP75A1815</em>, <em>CYP75A2846</em>, <em>CYP75A2909</em> and <em>CYP75A1716</em>); four UFGTs (<em>UFGT1876</em>, <em>UFGT1649</em>, <em>UFGT1839</em> and <em>UFGT3273</em>) and nine transcription factors (two <em>MYBs</em> (<em>MYB1057</em> and <em>MYB1211</em>), one <em>MADS-box</em> (<em>MADS1235</em>), two <em>AP2-likes</em> (<em>AP2-like1779</em> and <em>AP2-like2234</em>), one <em>bZIP</em> (<em>bZIP3720</em>), two <em>WD40s</em> (<em>WD2173</em> and <em>WD1867</em>) and one <em>bHLH</em> (<em>bHLH1631</em>) that might be related to flavonoid biosynthesis that impacted the appearance of colour in <em>L. chinense</em> var. <em>rubrum</em> leaves.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> This study revealed potential molecular mechanisms associated with leaf coloration in <em>L. chinense</em> var. <em>rubrum</em> by analysing differential metabolites and genes related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. It also provides a reference for research on leaf colour variation in other ornamental plants.</p>
2023-01-30 | MTBLS5662 | MetaboLights
Project description:Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum Yieh (L. chinense) is an evergreen shrub or small tree of Hamamelidaceae. In this study, the chloroplast genome sequence of L. chinense is 159,451 bp in length, consisting of a large single-copy region with 88,166 bp (LSC), a small single-copy region with 18,773 bp (SSC), and two inverted repeat regions with 26,256 bp (IRs). The GC content in the chloroplast genome of L. chinense is 38.0%. The chloroplast genome of L. chinense contained 125 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic tree showed that L. chinense was closely related to L. subcordatum.
| S-EPMC8667894 | biostudies-literature
Project description:“Pruning” is a simple and efficient way to control the flowering period, but it is rarely used in perennial woody ornamental plants. In this paper, Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum was pruned in different degrees, and the relationship between pruning intensity and flowering number, and flowering time and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were compared. After statistics, it was found that pruning could advance blossoms of L. chinense var. rubrum; also, light and heavy cutting could both obtain a larger number of flowers. In addition, through correlation analysis, it was found that during the flowering period, the Rfd parameter of the unpruned treatment had a very significant positive correlation with the number of flowers FN, which was 0.81. In other pruning treatment groups, Rfd and FN also presented a certain positive correlation, indicating that the Rfd parameter can be used to predict the number of flowers during the flowering process of L. chinense var. rubrum. The research results provided a new idea for the regulation of the flowering period of L. chinense var. rubrum and other woody ornamental plants and laid the foundation for the diversified application of L. chinense var. rubrum.
| S-EPMC9104088 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLoropetalum chinense var. rubrum (L. chinense var. rubrum) is a precious, coloured-leaf native ornamental plant in the Hunan Province. We found an L. chinense var. rubrum tree with three different leaf colours: GL (green leaf), ML (mosaic leaf), and PL (purple leaf). The mechanism of leaf coloration in this plant is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the metabolites and genes involved in determining the colour composition of L. chinense var. rubrum leaves, using phenotypic/anatomic observations, pigment content detection, and comparative metabolomics and transcriptomics.ResultsWe observed that the mesophyll cells in PL were purple, while those in GL were green and those in ML were a mix of purple-green. The contents of chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll in PL and ML were significantly lower than those in GL. While the anthocyanin content in PL and ML was significantly higher than that in GL. The metabolomics results showed the differences in the content of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5-O-diglucoside, pelargonidin, and petunidin 3,5-diglucoside in ML, GL, and PL were significant. Considering that the change trend of anthocyanin content change was consistent with the leaf colour difference, we speculated that these compounds might influence the colour of L. chinense var. rubrum leaves. Using transcriptomics, we finally identified nine differentially expressed structural genes (one ANR (ANR1217); four CYP75As (CYP75A1815, CYP75A2846, CYP75A2909, and CYP75A1716); four UFGTs (UFGT1876, UFGT1649, UFGT1839, and UFGT3273) and nine transcription factors (two MYBs (MYB1057 and MYB1211), one MADS-box (MADS1235), two AP2-likes (AP2-like1779 and AP2-like2234), one bZIP (bZIP3720), two WD40s (WD2173 and WD1867) and one bHLH (bHLH1631) that might be related to flavonoid biosynthesis and then impacted the appearance of colour in L. chinense var. rubrum leaves.ConclusionThis study revealed potential molecular mechanisms associated with leaf coloration in L. chinense var. rubrum by analyzing differential metabolites and genes related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. It also provided a reference for research on leaf colour variation in other ornamental plants.
| S-EPMC9993627 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The WRKY gene family plays important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum has high ornamental and medicinal value. However, few WRKY genes have been reported in this plant, and their functions remain unknown. To explore the roles that the WRKY genes play in L. chinense var. rubrum, we identified and characterized 79 LcWRKYs through BLAST homology analysis and renamed them (as LcWRKY1-79) based on their distribution on the chromosomes of L. chinense var. rubrum. In this way, according to their structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, they were divided into three groups containing 16 (Group I), 52 (Group II), and 11 (Group III) WRKYs, respectively. LcWRKYs in the same group have similar motifs and gene structures; for instance, Motifs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 10 constitute the WRKY domain and zinc-finger structure. The LcWRKY promoter region contains light response elements (ACE, G-box), stress response elements (TC-rich repeats), hormone response elements (TATC-box, TCA-element), and MYB binding sites (MBS, MBSI). Synteny analysis of LcWRKYs allowed us to establish orthologous relationships among the WRKY gene families of Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Solanum lycopersicum L., Vitis vinifera L., Oryza sativa L., and Zea mays L.; furthermore, analysis of the transcriptomes of mature leaves and flowers from different cultivars demonstrated the cultivar-specific LcWRKY gene expression. The expression levels of certain LcWRKY genes also presented responsive changes from young to mature leaves, based on an analysis of the transcriptome in leaves at different developmental stages. White light treatment led to a significant decrease in the expression of LcWRKY6, 18, 24, 34, 36, 44, 48, 61, 62, and 77 and a significant increase in the expression of LcWRKY41, blue light treatment led to a significant decrease in the expression of LcWRKY18, 34, 50, and 77 and a significant increase in the expression of LcWRKY36 and 48. These results enable a better understanding of LcWRKYs, facilitating the further exploration of their genetic functions and the molecular breeding of L. chinense var. rubrum.
| S-EPMC10255886 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This research mainly focused on the leaf color change and photosystem function differentiation between Loropetalum chinense and its variety L. chinense var. rubrum under heat stress, which were tightly concerned about their ornamental traits and growth. L. chinense 'Xiangnong Xiangyun' (X) and L. chinense var. rubrum 'Xiangnong Fendai' (F) and L. chinense var. rubrum 'Hei Zhenzhu' (H) were chosen to be experimented on to investigate whether leaf color morphology and pigment composition could influence the adaptability of plants to high temperature in order to select foliage plants which posses stable leaf color and better adaptability for hot regions. The plants were cultured in hot environment (40 °C/33 °C, day/night) and normal environment (25 °C/18 °C, day/night). Phenotype and anatomic observation of three cultivars were made and leaf color indices and pigment contents were measured. During the experiment, H and F gradually turned green, total anthocyanins contents significantly decreased in them, however, chlorophyll b contents increased in all three cultivars. In addition, the initial fluorescence (Fo) decreased in X, while increased in H and F. For the maximum fluorescence (Fm) and maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), they only increased in H and decreased in both F and X. The non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching (NPQ) also increased in H and decreased in F. For X, it increased at first then gradually decreased. The coefficient of photochemical quenching all increased at first then gradually decreased. Correlation analysis between showed that there was relatively strong connection between anthocyanins, flavonoids and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, especially NPQ, proved anthocyanins and flavonoids might not only involved in enriching leaf color, but also interfered with the protection of photosystem. Generally speaking, we found higher anthocyanin and flavonoids content level not only dramatically enriched the leaf color of L. chinense var. rubrum cultivars, but also offered more potential antioxidant to keep their normal growth when encountered heat stress.
| S-EPMC9933738 | biostudies-literature