Project description:Cisplatin, a utilized anticancer drug in clinical practice, induces sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in patients. However, the precise mechanism underlying cisplatin-associated ototoxicity remains unknown. HEI-OC1 cells are immortalized cells derived from the organs of Corti mice and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） knockout (KO) significantly enhances cisplatin resistance in these cells. The exploration of transcriptomic data from Nrf2 KO has significant implications for the identification of novel targets to enhance HEI-OC1 cisplatin resistance in Nrf2 KO and for understanding the biological characteristics associated with SNHL. The RNA-seq analysis revealed a significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the Nrf2 KO model within key signaling pathways, including the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, as well as Glutathione metabolism signaling pathways. Notably, expression levels of 17 specific genes were confirmed by RT-qPCR (Real-time Quantitative-PCR). The biomarkers identified in this study may be key to understanding the biological mechanism by which Nrf2 KO strongly increases HEI-OC1 cisplatin resistance, and by targeting the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, Glutathione metabolism signaling pathways provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cisplatin-induced SNHL.
Project description:We report the RNA expression of the House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti (HEI-OC1) cells with and without cisplatin exposure to identify differencialyy expressed genes. The results of RNA-seq analysis showed 2732 downregulated, and 1639 upregulated genes above 1-fold change in cisplatin threated cells compared to non-treated controls.
Project description:Integration of transcriptomics and proteomics uncovers novel targets underlying the protective effects of Nrf2 knockout in HEI-OC1 cells
Project description:We report the transcriptome analysis of control and c-Jun knock-out HEI-286 human Schwann cells in presence or absence of cancer cells
Project description:In perinatal HIV infection, early ART initiation is recommended but questions remain regarding infant immune responses to HIV and impact of HIV on immune development. Using single cell transcriptional and phenotypic analysis we evaluated the T cell compartment at pre-ART initiation of infants with perinatally acquired HIV from Maputo, Mozambique (TARA cohort). CD8+ T cell maturation subsets exhibited altered distribution in HIV exposed infected (HEI) infants relative to control infants (HIV exposed uninfected) with reduced naïve, increased effectors, higher frequencies of activated T cells, and lower frequencies of cells with markers of self-renewal. Additionally, a cluster of CD8+ T cells identified in HEI displayed gene profiles consistent with cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and showed evidence for hyper expansion. Longitudinal phenotypic analysis revealed accelerated maturation of CD8+ T cells was maintained in HEI despite viral control. The results point to a HIV directed immune response that is likely to influence reservoir establishment.
Project description:The vertebrate retina is generated by retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), which produce >100 cell types. Although some RPCs produce many cell types, other RPCs produce restricted types of daughter cells, such as a cone photoreceptor and a horizontal cell (HC). We used genome-wide assays of chromatin structure to compare the profiles of a restricted cone/HC and those of other RPCs in chicks. These data nominated regions of regulatory activity, which were tested in tissue, leading to the identification of many cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) active in cone/HC RPCs and developing cones. Two transcription factors, Otx2 and Oc1, were found to bind to many of these CRMs, including those near genes important for cone development and function, and their binding sites were required for activity. We also found that Otx2 has a predicted autoregulatory CRM. These results suggest that Otx2, Oc1 and possibly other Onecut proteins have a broad role in coordinating cone development and function. The many newly discovered CRMs for cones are potentially useful reagents for gene therapy of cone diseases.
Project description:The vertebrate retina is generated by retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), which produce >100 cell types. Although some RPCs produce many cell types, other RPCs produce restricted types of daughter cells, such as a cone photoreceptor and a horizontal cell (HC). We used genome-wide assays of chromatin structure to compare the profiles of a restricted cone/HC and those of other RPCs in chicks. These data nominated regions of regulatory activity, which were tested in tissue, leading to the identification of many cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) active in cone/HC RPCs and developing cones. Two transcription factors, Otx2 and Oc1, were found to bind to many of these CRMs, including those near genes important for cone development and function, and their binding sites were required for activity. We also found that Otx2 has a predicted autoregulatory CRM. These results suggest that Otx2, Oc1 and possibly other Onecut proteins have a broad role in coordinating cone development and function. The many newly discovered CRMs for cones are potentially useful reagents for gene therapy of cone diseases.
