Project description:Similar to other plant-parasitic nematodes, root lesion nematodes possess an array of enzymes that are involved in degradation of the plant cell wall. Here we report the identification of a gene encoding a cell wall degrading enzyme, pectin methylesterase PME (EC 3.1.1.11), in the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. Both genomic and coding sequences of the gene were cloned for this species, showing the presence of four introns that excluded a potential bacterial contamination. Expression of the Pp-pme gene was localized in the esophageal glands of P. penetrans as determined by in situ hybridization. Temporal expression of Pp-pme in planta was validated for early time points of infection. The possible function and activity of the gene were assessed by transient expression of Pp-pme in N. benthamiana plants via a Potato virus X-based vector. To our knowledge, this is the first report on identification and characterization of a PME gene within the phylum Nematoda.
Project description:The Root-lesion nematode (RLN) Pratylenchus coffeae is a major ramie pest causing severe fiber yield loss annual in China. The response mechanism of ramie to RLN-infection is poorly understood. Two RLN-infected plants (Inf1 and Inf2) and two control plants (CO1 and CO2) were individually used to sequence by Illumina pair-end sequencing. About 56.3, 51.7, 43.4 and 45.0 million sequencing reads were generated from the libraries of CO1, CO2, Inf1 and Inf2, respectively. De novo assembly for these 196 million reads yielded 50,486 unigenes with an average length of 853.3 bp. Based on sequence similarity search with known proteins, a total of 24,820 (49.2%) genes were annotated for their function. Comparison of gene expression level between CO and Inf ramie based on the normalized value of read counts per kilobase of exon model per million reads (RPKM) revealed that there were 777 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Further, these functional category of DEGs were classified by assigning them to gene ontology (GO) and clusters of orthologous group (COG). Pathway enrichment analysis showed that three pathways (Phenylalanine metabolism, Carotenoid biosynthesis and Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis) were severely influenced by RLN-infection. The genome-wide expression profiling of ramie responding to RLN-infection was first characterized. A series of candidate genes and pathways that may contribute to defense response against RLN in ramie will be helpful for further improving the resistance to RLN-infection. A total of four samples, two replicates of control plant (CO1 and CO2) and two replicates of RLN-infected plants (Inf1 and Inf2) were used for RNA-seq.
Project description:The Root-lesion nematode (RLN) Pratylenchus coffeae is a major ramie pest causing severe fiber yield loss annual in China. The response mechanism of ramie to RLN-infection is poorly understood. Two RLN-infected plants (Inf1 and Inf2) and two control plants (CO1 and CO2) were individually used to sequence by Illumina pair-end sequencing. About 56.3, 51.7, 43.4 and 45.0 million sequencing reads were generated from the libraries of CO1, CO2, Inf1 and Inf2, respectively. De novo assembly for these 196 million reads yielded 50,486 unigenes with an average length of 853.3 bp. Based on sequence similarity search with known proteins, a total of 24,820 (49.2%) genes were annotated for their function. Comparison of gene expression level between CO and Inf ramie based on the normalized value of read counts per kilobase of exon model per million reads (RPKM) revealed that there were 777 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Further, these functional category of DEGs were classified by assigning them to gene ontology (GO) and clusters of orthologous group (COG). Pathway enrichment analysis showed that three pathways (Phenylalanine metabolism, Carotenoid biosynthesis and Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis) were severely influenced by RLN-infection. The genome-wide expression profiling of ramie responding to RLN-infection was first characterized. A series of candidate genes and pathways that may contribute to defense response against RLN in ramie will be helpful for further improving the resistance to RLN-infection.
Project description:In this study we have looked at the transcriptome profile of both incompatible and compatible cowpea-RKN interaction for two different time points using the Affymetrix soybean GeneChip. This is the first study of this kind in cowpea-RKN interaction. This study provides a broad insight into the Rk-mediated resistance in cowpea and creates an excellent dataset of potential candidate genes involved in both nematode resistance and parasitism, which can be further tested for their role in this biological process using functional genomics approaches. our results have shown that the root-knot nematode resistant pathway is still partially suppressed at 9 days post inoculation in resistant cowpea root. There is indication that subtle variation of ROS concentration, induction of toxins and other defense related genes play a role in this unique resistance mechanism. Further functional analysis of these differentially expressed genes will help us to understand this intriguing plant-nematode interaction in a more precise manner.
Project description:Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple foods in the world, feeding more than 50% of the human population. One of its most damaging pathogens, with major impact on rice yield, is the migratory root rot nematode Hirschmanniella oryzae. In comparison with the existing knowledge on the infection process of dicots by sedentary nematodes, far less is known about the interaction between monocot plants and nematodes or plant interactions with migratory nematode species. Therefore, to gain deeper insight into the systemic transcriptional changes in rice after migratory root rot nematode infection we have performed mRNA-Seq on the shoots of root rot nematode infected rice plants. The observations were independently validated using qRT-PCR and biochemical analyses. This research reveals significant modifications in the metabolism of the plant, with a general suppression of chlorophyll biosynthesis, and primary metabolic processes involved in plant growth . Differential expression analysis between controls rice shoots and shoots from root rot nematode (H. oryzae) infected rice at two time points.