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MHC class II proteins mediate sialic acid independent entry of human and avian H2N2 influenza A viruses

ABSTRACT: MHC class II proteins mediate sialic acid independent entry of human and avian H2N2 influenza A viruses

PROVIDER: PRJNA1101441 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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MHC class II proteins mediate sialic acid independent entry of human and avian H2N2 influenza A viruses

Project description:Influenza A viruses (IAV) cause seasonal outbreaks that pose a substantial burden on human health. They are also a zoonotic threat as avian and swine IAV can be a source for pandemic influenza. Receptor specificity is a critical determinant of tropism, host range and transmissibility of IAV and thus, plays a crucial role in zoonotic IAV infections1-3. Avian, swine and human IAV bind sialic acid on host cell glycans as their common receptor but differ in sialic acid specificity4,5. In contrast, bat IAV of the H17 and H18 subtypes cannot use sialic acid and require MHC class II complexes for host cell entry6-8. It is unknown how this difference in receptor specificity evolved and if dual receptor specificity for sialic acid and MHC class II is possible. Here, we show that human H2N2 IAV and related avian H2N2 possess dual receptor specificity. In addition to their known sialic acid-dependent entry they can use MHC class II as alternative entry pathway, independent of sialic acid. Of note, MHC class II from humans, pigs, ducks, swans and chickens but not from bats can mediate H2 IAV entry and the ability to use this alternative entry pathway is conserved in current Eurasian avian H2 IAV. Our results demonstrate that IAV can possess dual receptor specificity for sialic acid and MHC class II and suggest a role for MHC class II-dependent entry in zoonotic IAV infections.

2024-06-17 | GSE264198 | GEO

MHC class II proteins mediate cross-species entry of bat influenza viruses

Project description:Zoonotic influenza A viruses of avian origin can cause severe disease in individuals, or even global pandemics, and thus pose a threat to human populations. Waterfowl and shorebirds are believed to be the reservoir for all influenza A viruses, but this has recently been challenged by the identification of novel influenza A viruses in bats. The major bat influenza A virus envelope glycoprotein, haemagglutinin, does not bind the canonical influenza A virus receptor, sialic acid or any other glycan, despite its high sequence and structural homology with conventional haemagglutinins. This functionally uncharacterized plasticity of the bat influenza A virus haemagglutinin means the tropism and zoonotic potential of these viruses has not been fully determined. Here we show, using transcriptomic profiling of susceptible versus non-susceptible cells in combination with genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening, that the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) human leukocyte antigen DR isotype (HLA-DR) is an essential entry determinant for bat influenza A viruses. Genetic ablation of the HLA-DR α-chain rendered cells resistant to infection by bat influenza A virus, whereas ectopic expression of the HLA-DR complex in non-susceptible cells conferred susceptibility. Expression of MHC-II from different bat species, pigs, mice or chickens also conferred susceptibility to infection. Notably, the infection of mice with bat influenza A virus resulted in robust virus replication in the upper respiratory tract, whereas mice deficient for MHC-II were resistant. Collectively, our data identify MHC-II as a crucial entry mediator for bat influenza A viruses in multiple species, which permits a broad vertebrate tropism.

2022-02-04 | GSE196122 | GEO

MHC class II proteins mediate cross-species entry of bat influenza viruses

Project description:MHC class II proteins mediate cross-species entry of bat influenza viruses

| PRJNA803440 | ENA

mhc class I_SIV

Project description:MHC class I of Chinese Rhesus Monkeys and their impact on SIV replication

| PRJEB4483 | ENA

Equine MHC class II

Project description:Sequencing and annotation of equine MHC class II region

| PRJEB15527 | ENA

MHC class I and MHC class II reporter mice enable analysis of immune oligodendroglia in mouse models of multiple sclerosis

Project description:Oligodendrocytes and their progenitors upregulate MHC pathways in response to inflammation, but the frequency of this phenotypic change is unknown and the features of these immune oligodendroglia are poorly defined. We generated MHC class I and II transgenic reporter mice to define their dynamics in response to inflammatory demyelination, providing a means to monitor MHC activation in diverse cell types in living mice and define their roles in aging, injury and disease.

2022-09-23 | GSE213739 | GEO

Transcriptomic characterization of the novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus: specific and intermediate host-response between avian (H5N1 and H7N7) and human (H3N2) viruses.

Project description:A novel avian-origin H7N9 influenza A virus (IAV) emerged in China in early 2013 causing mild to lethal human respiratory infections. H7N9 originated from multiple reassortment events between avian viruses and carries genetic markers of human adaptation. Determining whether H7N9 induces a host-response closer to human or avian IAV is important to better characterize this emerging virus. Here we compared the human lung epithelial cell response to infection with A/Anhui/01/13 (H7N9) or highly pathogenic avian-origin H5N1, H7N7, or human seasonal H3N2 IAV.

2014-01-16 | GSE49840 | GEO

MHC-Mafa class II 18759

Project description:PacBio sequencing of Macaca fascicularis MHC class II genes.

| PRJEB19948 | ENA

Acrocephalus schoenobaenus MHC class I

Project description:Acrocephalus schoenobaenus MHC class I ultra-deep sequencing genotyping

| PRJEB11775 | ENA

Infection of chicken with avian influenza H5N1 and H5N2 viruses

Project description:Transcriptional profiling was carried out on lung and ileum samples at 1dpi and 3dpi from chickens infected with either low pathogenic (H5N2) or highly pathogenic (H5N1) avian influenza. Infected birds were compared to control birds at each time point.

2015-01-19 | E-MTAB-2908 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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