Project description:Long-read nanopore sequencing has emerged as a potent tool for studying RNA modifications. However, the detection of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) based on nanopore sequencing remains largely unexplored. Here, we introduce ac4Cnet, a deep learning frame utilizing Oxford Nanopore direct RNA sequencing to accurately identify ac4C sites. Our methodology involves training ac4Cnet capable of distinguishing ac4C from unmodified cytidine and 5-methylcytosine (m5C), as well as estimating the modification rate at each ac4C site. We demonstrate the robustness of our approach through validations on independent in vitro datasets and a human cell line, highlighting its versatility and potential for advancing the study of ac4C modifications.
Project description:The expanding field of epitranscriptomics might rival the epigenome in the diversity of biological processes impacted. However, the identification of multiple modification types in individual RNA molecules remains challenging. We present CHEUI, a new method that detects N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 5-methylcytidine (m5C) in individual transcript molecules in a single condition as well as differential methylation between two conditions, using nanopore signals. CHEUI processes observed and expected signals with convolutional neural networks to achieve high single-molecule accuracy and outperform other methods in detecting m6A and m5C sites and quantifying their stoichiometry. Moreover, CHEUI’s unique capability to identify different modifications in the same signal data reveals a non-random co-occurrence of m6A and m5C in transcripts in human cell lines and during mouse embryonic brain development. CHEUI unlocks the capability of studying links between multiple RNA modifications and phenotypes, enabling the discovery of new epitranscriptome functions. Furthermore, CHEUI's training and testing protocols are adaptable to other modifications, making it a versatile RNA technology.
Project description:The expanding field of epitranscriptomics might rival the epigenome in the diversity of biological processes impacted. However, the identification of multiple modification types in individual RNA molecules remains challenging. We present CHEUI, a new method that detects N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 5-methylcytidine (m5C) in individual transcript molecules in a single condition as well as differential methylation between two conditions, using nanopore signals. CHEUI processes observed and expected signals with convolutional neural networks to achieve high single-molecule accuracy and outperform other methods in detecting m6A and m5C sites and quantifying their stoichiometry. Moreover, CHEUI’s unique capability to identify different modifications in the same signal data reveals a non-random co-occurrence of m6A and m5C in transcripts in human cell lines and during mouse embryonic brain development. CHEUI unlocks the capability of studying links between multiple RNA modifications and phenotypes, enabling the discovery of new epitranscriptome functions. Furthermore, CHEUI's training and testing protocols are adaptable to other modifications, making it a versatile RNA technology.
Project description:NAT10-catalyzed N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) has emerged as a vital post-transcriptional modulator on the coding transcriptome by promoting mRNA stability. To explore the transcriptome-wide profile of ac4C modification, we mapped the locations of ac4C modification on wild-type (WT) hESCs and NAT10 KD hESCs by NaCNBH3-based chemical ac4C sequencing (ac4C-seq).
Project description:RNA m5C methylation profile of MCF10A and MDA486 by using MeRIP-Seq protocol Immunoprecipitation of Methylated mRNA at Cytosine (m5C) residues: Affinity purified of anti-methyl cytosine (m5C) polyclonal antibody 7ug (Zymo Research, Catalog#A3001-50) was conjugated with protein-A magnetic beads for 2 h at 4°C in end to end rotator. After that, conjugated beads were extensively washed with RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) wash buffer to remove unbound antibody. Fragmented 25 ug polyA RNA (mRNA) was incubated with m5C conjugated beads for overnight at 4°C in in the rotating platform in RIP buffer. RIP was done using Megna RNA Immunoprecipitation kit (Millipore, Catalog#17-700). m5C mRNA-immune bead complex was treated with proteinase K buffer to release m5C mRNA from the conjugated antibody. To isolate m5C, mRNA was treated with phenol:chloroform:isoamyl and mixed with 400 ul of chloroform, which was centrifuged at 14000 rpm for 10 minutes to separate aqueous phase. The aqueous phase was ethanol precipitated at -80°C for overnight, to get m5C mRNA. This precipitated m5C mRNA pellet was washed twice with 70% ethanol and air dried. Finally, m5C mRNA pellet was dissolved in nuclease free Water. The m5C mRNA integrity and conentration was quantified by bioanalyzer (Agilent) and Qubit 2.0 flurometer (Invitrogen). The fragmented mRNA was used by following TruSeq RNA Sample Preparation Guide to develop RNA-Seq library for sequencing.
Project description:Pancreatic cancer is a lethal diease with high tendency of metastasis. Howerver, the mechanisms of pancreatic cancer are sitill unclear. To explore the roles of N4-acetylation (ac4C) RNA modification and its involved N-Acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we performed profiling by high throughput sequencing. In this study, we investigate the effects of NAT10 knockdown on N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification in mRNA within PANC-1 cells using ac4C-seq. By employing RNA interference to specifically knock down NAT10 expression in PANC-1 cells, we aim to elucidate its impact on ac4C RNA modifications, which have been implicated in various cellular processes and cancer progression. Total RNA was extracted and mRNA was captured and treated with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) for detection of ac4C sites.Following library preparation, sequencing was performed on an Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform. Bioinformatics analyses identified significant changes in ac4C modification patterns due to NAT10 depletion. This dataset provides a valuable resource for further exploration of ac4C modifications in mRNA and their role in PDAC.
Project description:NAT10-catalyzed N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) has emerged as a vital post-transcriptional modulator on the coding transcriptome by promoting mRNA stability. To explore the transcriptome-wide profile of ac4C modification, we mapped the locations of ac4C modification on wild-type (WT) hESCs and NAT10 KD hESCs by high-throughput ac4C RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (ac4C-RIP-seq).
Project description:In this study, ac4C modifications in mRNA were investigated using six-month-old 5×FAD transgenic mice, a widely recognized model of Alzheimer's disease, along with age- and sex-matched wild-type (WT) controls. To elucidate the role of ac4C-modified mRNA in AD, we employed three analytical techniques: acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (ac4C-RIP-seq), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and proteomic analysis. The first two were used to identify mRNAs carrying ac4C modifications and to quantify mRNA abundance, respectively.
Project description:The expanding field of epitranscriptomics might rival the epigenome in the diversity of biological processes impacted. However, the identification of multiple modification types in individual RNA molecules remains challenging. We present CHEUI, a new method that detects N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 5-methylcytidine (m5C) in individual transcript molecules in a single condition as well as differential methylation between two conditions, using nanopore signals. CHEUI processes observed and expected signals with convolutional neural networks to achieve high single-molecule accuracy and outperform other methods in detecting m6A and m5C sites and quantifying their stoichiometry. Moreover, CHEUI’s unique capability to identify different modifications in the same signal data reveals a non-random co-occurrence of m6A and m5C in transcripts in human cell lines and during mouse embryonic brain development. CHEUI unlocks the capability of studying links between multiple RNA modifications and phenotypes, enabling the discovery of new epitranscriptome functions. Furthermore, CHEUI's training and testing protocols are adaptable to other modifications, making it a versatile RNA technology.