Project description:Poison frogs sequester chemical defenses from their diet of leaf litter arthropods for defense against predation. Little is known about the physiological adaptations that confer this unusual bioaccumulation ability. We conducted an alkaloid-feeding experiment with the Diablito poison frog (Oophaga sylvatica) to determine how quickly alkaloids are accumulated and how toxins modify frog physiology using quantitative proteomics. Diablito frogs rapidly accumulated the alkaloid decahydroquinoline within four days, and dietary alkaloid exposure modified protein abundance in the intestines, liver, and skin. Many proteins that increased in abundance with toxin accumulation are plasma glycoproteins, including the complement system and the toxin-binding protein saxiphilin. Other protein classes that change in abundance with toxin accumulation are membrane proteins involved in small molecule transport and metabolism. Overall, this work shows poison frogs can rapidly accumulate alkaloids, which alter carrier protein abundance, initiate an immune response, and alter small molecule transport and metabolism dynamics across tissues
Project description:The impact of pesticides on amphibian metamorphosis may vary depending on developmental stage of individuals during the exposure period. Some anurans experience increased rates of development when exposure to the insecticide carbaryl occurs later in larval development. We exposed developing northern green frog tadpoles (Lithobates clamitans) to a 3 day pulsatile exposure of 1 mg/L carbaryl at 16 weeks relative to the starting free-swimming Gosner stage 25 (Gosner, 1960) and examined treatment effects on brain mRNA abundance profiles of Gosner stage 46 metamorphs using an amphibian cDNA microarray. Five individuals from control non exposed tadpoles and six animals that had been exposed transiently for 3 days to carbaryl at week 16 and allowed to continue development until Gosner stage 46 were randomly selected for analysis of brain mRNA levels evaluated using the MAGEX DNA microarray.
Project description:We exposed two groups of green frog tadpoles that differed in their microbiome composition to heat stress or control conditions. We subsequently used RNAseq to profile gene expression in their gut to understand how the microbiome impacts host responses to heat.
2023-01-02 | GSE208645 | GEO
Project description:Poison Frog Tadpole Gut Microbiomes
Project description:Xenopus is uniquely suited for identifying core features of successful CNS axon regeneration, because parts of its CNS (e.g., eye), regenerate axons throughout life, whereas others (e.g., hindbrain) do so only as tadpoles. We performed bisulfite whole genome bisulfite methylation sequencing (WGBS) on juvenile frog eye after optic nerve injury, and on hindbrain samples from tadpole and juvenile frog after spinal cord injury during the peak phase of axon regeneration, to compare tissue-related and injury-induced differences in DNA methylation among them.
Project description:The impact of pesticides on amphibian metamorphosis may vary depending on developmental stage of individuals during the exposure period. Some anurans experience increased rates of development when exposure to the insecticide carbaryl occurs later in larval development. We exposed developing northern green frog tadpoles (Lithobates clamitans) to a 3 day pulsatile exposure of 1 mg/L carbaryl at 16 weeks relative to the starting free-swimming Gosner stage 25 (Gosner, 1960) and examined treatment effects on brain mRNA abundance profiles of Gosner stage 46 metamorphs using an amphibian cDNA microarray.
Project description:Xenopus is uniquely suited for identifying core features of successful CNS axon regeneration, because parts of its CNS (e.g., eye), regenerate axons throughout life, whereas others (e.g., hindbrain) do so only as tadpoles. To aid in the interpretation of bisulfite whole genome methylation sequencing (WGBS) on juvenile frog eye after optic nerve injury, and on hindbrain samples from tadpole and juvenile frog after spinal cord injury during the peak phase of axon regeneration, we performed ChIP-seq for histone modifications associated with active gene expression (H3K4me3 & H3K27ac) and repressed gene expression (H3K27me3 & H3K9me3) on these same tissues, as well as DNA-immunoprecipitation sequencing (DIP seq) for 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine (5hmC) on eye samples during optic nerve regeneration.
Project description:Thyroid hormone (TH) controls the remodeling of the pancreas and the liver. TH-induces dedifferentiation of the exocrine pancreas to a progenitor state (Proc. Nat. Acad Sci. 105, 8962-8967 (2008)) and it remodels the endocrine pancreas (Dev. Biol. 328, 384-391 (2009)). The redifferentiated frog pancreas resembles closely the pancreas of other typical vertebrates. Two pancreas arrays were carried out. The first one studied gene expression changes at different developmental stages of Xenopus laevis during metamorphosis. The second array studies gene expression changes at varying times after the addition of TH to premetamorphic tadpoles. Keywords: co-expression design,development or differentiation design,reference design,time series design Overall design: Thyroid hormone (TH) controls remodeling of the liver. The microarray was carried out to identify changes in gene expression at different stages of development during metamorphosis. This is part 2, done on the 22K Xenopus platform version 1. This dataset was from livers of Xenopus tadpoles (NF52, NF62, and NF66). Each was made in triplicate. Samples in all 3 parts of the study received the same thyroid hormone levels.
Project description:Thyroid hormone (TH) controls the remodeling of the pancreas and the liver. TH-induces dedifferentiation of the exocrine pancreas to a progenitor state (Proc. Nat. Acad Sci. 105, 8962-8967 (2008)) and it remodels the endocrine pancreas (Dev. Biol. 328, 384-391 (2009)). The redifferentiated frog pancreas resembles closely the pancreas of other typical vertebrates. Two pancreas arrays were carried out. The first one studied gene expression changes at different developmental stages of Xenopus laevis during metamorphosis. The second array studies gene expression changes at varying times after the addition of TH to premetamorphic tadpoles. Keywords: co-expression design,development or differentiation design,reference design,time series design Overall design: Thyroid hormone (TH) controls remodeling of the pancreas. The microarray was carried out to identify changes in gene expression at different stages of development during metamorphosis.. This is part 3, done on the 22K Xenopus platform version 2. This dataset was from pancreas of Xenopus tadpoles (NF52, NF62, and NF66). Each was made in triplicate. Samples in all 3 parts of the study received the same thyroid hormone levels.
