Project description:Our single cell RNA sequencng (scRNA-seq) analysis of high-dose testosterone (Hi-T) treated patient derived xenograft model 96CR shows RB1 positive cells displayed a robust response to Hi-T while RB1 negative cells are partiallly resistant to Hi-T.
Project description:Informed consent was obtained to collect human mCRPC tissues and generate the patient-derived xenograft tumors as described previously (Labrecque et al., 2019; Nguyen et al., 2017). The study was approved by the University of Washington Human Subjects Division institutional review board (no. 39053). All animal studies were approved by University of Washington IACUC and performed according to NIH guidelines. Molecular characterization of AR+ mCRPC LuCaP PDXs 70CR, 78CR, 81CR, 96CR, 105CR, 136CR and 147CR was previously described (Labrecque et al., 2019; Nguyen et al., 2017). LuCaP PDX 167CR was established from a liver metastasis of 77-year-old Caucasian male who died of abiraterone-, carboplatin- and docetaxel-resistant CRPC. LuCaP 167CR expresses AR, responds to castration and is negative for synaptophysin. PDX cellular morphology recapitulates the original liver metastasis (Supplementary Figure S8A).
Project description:We assembled a prostate xenograft interactome from a large data set with 128 RNA sequencing expression profiles generated through administration of 13 small molecule perturbagens in vivo to 5 distinct and genetically diverse LuCaP xenograft lines (LuCaP 73, LuCaP77, LuCaP 78, LuCaP 81, LuCaP 147), with half of the xenograft samples collected from hosts castrated for 1 week.
Project description:With the advent of potent second-line anti-androgen therapy, we and others have observed an increased incidence of androgen receptor (AR)-null small cell or neuroendocrine prostate cancer (SCNPC) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Additionally, we have detected upregulated expression of MET and RET transcripts in SCNPC metastases relative to adenocarcinoma. Our study was designed to determine the effect of cabozantinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits MET, RET and VEGFR2, on SCNPC patient-derived xenografts (PDX) in vivo. Surveillance of SU2C and University of Washington rapid autopsy mCRPC cohorts through RNA-Seq revealed that increased MET expression significantly correlated with loss of AR expression and activity. In vitro treatment of SCNPC PDX cells with AMG 337 had no impact on cell viability in LuCaP 93 (MET+/RET+) and LuCaP 173.1 (MET-/RET-), whereas cabozantinib decreased cell viability in LuCaP 93, but not in LuCaP 173.1. Notably, tumor volume was significantly decreased (p<0.001) with cabozantinib treatment in SCID mice bearing LuCaP 93 and LuCaP 173.1 tumors. Tissue analysis indicated that tumor cell proliferation was not inhibited by cabozantinib, but that cabozantinib decreased microvessel density (CD31) in LuCaP 93 (p<0.001) and LuCaP 173.1 (p<0.01) tumors. RNA-Seq and gene set enrichment analysis determined that hypoxia and glycolysis pathways were increased in cabozantinib treated tumors relative to control tumors. Thus, cabozantinib inhibited tumor growth in MET+/RET+ LuCaP 93 and MET-/RET- LuCaP 173.1 tumors in vivo and this activity was independent of MET or RET expression in LuCaP 173.1. Our data suggest that the most likely mechanism of tumor growth suppression is through disruption of the stromal architecture and cabozantinib may represent a potential therapy for patients with metastatic disease in tumor phenotypes that have a significant dependence on the tumor vasculature for survival and proliferation.
Project description:The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model retains the heterogeneity of patient tumors, allowing a means to not only examine efficacy of a therapy across a population, but also study crucial aspects of cancer biology in response to treatment. Herein we describe the development and characterization of an ovarian-PDX model in order to study the development of chemoresistance. We demonstrate that PDX tumors are not simply composed of tumor-initiating cells, but recapitulate the original tumor’s heterogeneity, oncogene expression profiles, and clinical response to chemotherapy. Combined carboplatin/paclitaxel treatment of PDX tumors enriches the cancer stem cell populations, but persistent tumors are not entirely composed of these populations. RNA-Seq analysis of treated PDX tumors compared to untreated tumors demonstrates a consistently contrasting genetic profile after therapy, suggesting similar, but few, pathways are mediating chemoresistance. The pathways most significantly altered included Protein Kinase A signaling, GNRH signaling, and sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling. Pathways and genes identified by this methodology represent novel approaches to targeting the chemoresistant population in ovarian cancer 6 pairs of Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDX) were ananlyzed using RNA-seq for a total of 12 samples. Each pair consists of a treated and untreated PDX of ovarian cancer. Treated Ovarian cancer PDXs were treated with 4 weeks of a combination of carboplatin and taxol. RNA was isolated and converted to cDNA. RNA-seq was conductred on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 with 50 bp paired end sequencing