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Cell-Type-Specific TGF-beta Signaling is Targeted to Genes that Control Cell Identity

ABSTRACT: Cell-Type-Specific TGF-beta Signaling is Targeted to Genes that Control Cell Identity

PROVIDER: PRJNA127109 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR064917.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR064918.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR064919.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR064920.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR064921.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Cell-Type-Specific TGF-beta Signaling is Targeted to Genes that Control Cell Identity: ChIP-Seq

Project description:Cell-Type-Specific TGF-beta Signaling is Targeted to Genes that Control Cell Identity: ChIP-Seq

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Gene expression analysis of TGF-beta signaling-disrupting gastric cancer cell line 2MLN

Project description:Diffuse-type gastric carcinoma is a poor-prognostic cancer with high expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and thick stromal fibrosis. However, detailed investigations on the roles of TGF-β signaling in diffuse-type gastric carcinoma have not been performed. We generated two diffuse-type gastric carcinoma cell lines, dominant-negative TGF-β type II receptor expressing cells (2MLN-dnTβRII) and GFP-expressing cells (2MLN-GFP). Cells were subcutaneously or orthotopically injected into nude mice. Although dnTβRII did not affect the growth of OCUM-2MLN in vitro, it accelerated the growth of subcutaneously or orthotopically transplanted tumors in vivo. By microarray analysis, we found gene expression of TSP-1, an angiogenic inhibitor, was down-regulated in dnTβRII tumors. This results suggested disruption of TGF-β signaling in diffuse-type gastric carcinoma cells leads to alteration of tumor microenvironment and acceleration of tumor growth. We generated two OCUM-2MLN-derived gastric carcinoma cell lines; 2MLN-dnTβRII, which expresses dominant negative form of TβRII, and control 2MLN-GFP, which expresses GFP. The transplanted tumors of these cell lines were subjected to gene expression analysis with Affymetrix U133 plus2 arrays.

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Project description:TGF-β is a major tumor suppressor in gastrointestinal (GI) and squamous carcinomas, which exhibit frequent genetic inactivation of Smad4, a key TGF-β signaling component. Apoptosis is implicated as an important mediator of the tumor suppressive function of TGF-β, although this process remains poorly understood. To address this long-standing question, we dissected the tumor suppressive action of TGF-β in naïve pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) cells. Here we show that TGF-β/Smad4 signaling triggers an EMT in Kras-mutant pancreatic progenitor cells but turns this process into a trigger of apoptosis by converting the progenitor cell transcription factor Sox4 from an enforcer of epithelial progenitor identity into an activator of apoptosis. This occurs as a result of the EMT-linked repression of the endodermal master regulator Klf5, which cooperates with Sox4 to promote epithelial progenitor identity, and loss of which unmasks a latent apoptotic transcriptional program driven by Sox4. By losing Smad4, Kras-mutant PDA cells avoid this fate and instead use Sox4 as a TGF-β-dependent enforcer of the epithelial progenitor cell state.

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ER-associated degradation is required for the maintenance of β cell identity via TGFβ signaling

Project description:β cell apoptosis and dedifferentiation are two hotly-debated mechanisms underlying β cell loss in type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the molecular drivers underlying such events remain largely unclear. Here, by performing a side-by-side comparison of mice carrying β cell-specific deletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) and autophagy, we report that while autophagy appears necessary for β cell survival, the highly conserved Sel1L-Hrd1 ERAD protein complex is required for the maintenance of β cell maturation and identity. Notably, SEL1L expression is significantly reduced in human T2D islets compared to healthy human islets. At the single cell level, we demonstrate that Sel1L deficiency is not associated with β cell loss, but rather loss of β cell identity. Mechanistically, we find that Sel1L-Hrd1 ERAD controls β cell identity via TGFβ signaling, in part by mediating the degradation of TGF-β receptor 1 (TGFβRI). Inhibition of TGFβ signaling in Sel1L-deficient β cells augments the expression of β cell maturation markers and increases the total insulin content. Our data reveal profound but distinct pathogenic effects of two major proteolytic pathways in β cells, providing a new framework for therapies targeting distinct mechanisms of protein quality control.

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The phosphorylation of the Smad2/3 linker region by Nemo-like kinase regulates TGF-β signaling

Project description:Smad2 and Smad3 (Smad2/3) primarily mediates the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling that drives cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. The dynamics of the Smad2/3 phosphorylation provides the key mechanism for regulating the TGF-β signaling pathway. Here we identified NLK as a novel regulator of TGF-β signaling pathway via modulating the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in the linker region.

2021-09-10 | PXD023957 | Pride

Murine small intestinal crypt cell line IEC-6: control vs. TGF-beta stimulated

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Downregulation of Uhrf1 activity by TGF-β signaling controls Foxp3 methylation and iTreg cell differentiation

Project description:Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are essential for immune system homeostasis and suppression of excessive immune responses. Both TGF-β signaling and epigenetic modifications are important in the regulation of Foxp3 induction, but whether TGF-β signaling participates in the epigenetic regulation of Foxp3 has not been fully clarified. Here, we show that Uhrf1, which is induced by TCR stimulation and regulated by TGF-β signaling, controls Foxp3 methylation and iTreg cell differentiation. T cell-specific ablation of Uhrf1 led to Treg-biased differentiation in naïve T cells, with DNA hypomethylation upon TCR stimulation, and these Foxp3+ T cells had suppressive function. Uhrf1 maintained Foxp3 DNA methylation by recruiting Dnmt1 during cell division upon TCR stimulation. TGF-β treatment led to passive demethylation of the Foxp3 promoter to initiate its expression. Mechanistically, Uhrf1 was phosphorylated upon TGF-β stimulation and largely sequestered in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylated Uhrf1 underwent proteasomal degradation through inhibition of Usp7-mediated deubiquitination. Collectively, our study reveals a novel epigenetic mechanism of TGF-β-mediated iTreg cell differentiation regulated by Uhrf1 and reveals the differential role of active and passive demethylation in Foxp3 induction and stability.

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