Project description:We report the application of ChIP Seq to study the Epstein Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 3C, an essential transcriptional regulator involved in the transformation of Resting B Lymphocytes to the immortalized Lymphoblast Cell Lines
Project description:We report the application of ChIP Seq to study the Epstein Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 3C, an essential transcriptional regulator involved in the transformation of Resting B Lymphocytes to the immortalized Lymphoblast Cell Lines Examination of viral and cellular transcription factors in 1 type of cell line
Project description:Comparsion of cellular gene expression between a control B lymphoma cell-line (BJAB pz2) stably transfected with an empty vector and a BJAB cell-line stably expressing Epstein-Barr virus EBNA 3C (BJAB E3C-4). These cell lines are described in Wang, F., C. Gregory, C. Sample, M. Rowe, D. Liebowitz, R. Murray, A. Rickinson, and E. Kieff. 1990. Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein (LMP1) and nuclear proteins 2 and 3C are effectors of phenotypic changes in B lymphocytes: EBNA-2 and LMP1 cooperatively induce CD23. J Virol 64:2309-2318)
Project description:We report the application of ChIP Seq to study the Epstein Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen EBNA3A, EBNA3B, EBNA3C, an essential transcriptional regulator involved in the transformation of Resting B Lymphocytes to the immortalized Lymphoblast Cell Lines.
Project description:We report the application of ChIP Seq to study the Epstein Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen EBNA3A, EBNA3B, EBNA3C, an essential transcriptional regulator involved in the transformation of Resting B Lymphocytes to the immortalized Lymphoblast Cell Lines. Examination of EBNA3A, EBNA3B and EBNA3C protein genome binding in LCLs.
Project description:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 2 (EBNA2) gene regulation through the cell RBPJ transcription factor (TF) is essential for conversion of resting B-lymphocytes (RBLs) into Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines (LCLs). ChIP-seq investigation of EBNA2 and RBPJ sites in LCL DNA found EBNA2 at 5151 and RBPJ at 10,529 sites. EBNA2 was 72% localized with RBPJ, predominantly at intergenic and intronic sites and only 14% at promoter sites. EBNA2/RBPJ sites were enriched for Early B-cell Factor (EBF, 60%), RUNX(41%), ETS(35%), NF-ï«B(31%), and PU.1(17%) TF motifs. Using ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements (ENCODE) LCL data, EBF, RELA, and PU.1 were found at 54%, 31%, and 17% of EBNA2 sites. K-Means clustering of EBNA2 site associated TFs found RELA-ETS, EBF-RUNX, EBF, ETS, RBPJ, and repressive RUNX ranked highest to lowest in nearly symmetric H3K4me1 signal distribution and nucleosome depletion, marks of active chromatin. Although quantitatively less, high level nearly symmetric H3K4me1 signals with nucleosome depletion at the same sites in RBLs was remarkably similar to LCLs, indicating that EBNA2 localizes into a pre-established RBL chromatin pattern, which likely evolved to enable RBL antigen-induced proliferation. EBF was critical for EBNA2 activation of the EBV LMP1 promoter. LCL HiC data mapped intergenic EBNA2 sites to EBNA2 up-regulated genes. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH), conditional EBNA2 FISH, Chromatin Conformation Capture (3C), and 3C q-PCR, linked EBNA2/RBPJ enhancers 428 kb 5' of MYC to MYC. These data support the hypothesis that EBNA2 evolved to exploit the RBL transcription framework to drive B-lymphocyte proliferation in primary human infection. EBNA2 and RBPJ ChIP-seq from IB4 LCL
Project description:Epstein Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 3C (EBNA3C) is an essential transcription factor for initiating and maintaining human B lymphocyte transformation to lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). To comprehensively identify EBNA3C regulated cell genes in LCLs, oligonucleotide arrays were used to compare RNA abundances in 3 different LCLs transformed by an EBV that conditionally expresses EBNA3C. Cell RNA levels were assessed in actively growing LCLs, under non-permissive or permissive conditions or under non-permissive conditions after transcomplementation with wild type EBNA3C. A two-way ANOVA model with covariates including the 3 different clone effects and the 3 EBNA3C expression levels, identified 550 EBNA3C regulated genes, with False Discovery Rate <0.01 and >1.5 fold change. A seeded Bayesian network analysis of the 80 most significantly EBNA3C regulated genes that changed >1.5 fold, positioned RAC1, LYN and TNF upstream of other EBNA3C regulated genes. Further, Gene Set Enrichment Assay (GSEA) identified EBNA3C regulated genes to be enriched for MAP kinase signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, JAK-STAT signaling, and cell adhesion molecule effects, implicating these pathways in LCL growth or survival. Moreover, 106 EBNA3C regulated genes could be placed in protein interaction networks. Since CXCL12 and CXCR4 signaling are implicated in LCL growth and were EBNA3C up-regulated, up-regulation of CXCL12 was validated by qRT-PCR and effects on induced LCL migration were confirmed. EBNA3C regulated genes significantly overlapped with EBNA2 and EBNA3A regulated genes, consistent with a central role for RBP/CSL in these effects. RNAs from three different Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines(LCLs) expressing conditional EBNA3C grown under permissive or non-permissive conditions for 7 days; the same LCLs transcompletemented with EBNA3C expressed in trans at full wild-type level were used to identify EBNA3C regualted cellular genes. Total cell RNAs were hybrdized to Affymetrix U-133 Plus 2.0 microarrays. A two way ANOVA model was developed with covariates including the 3 different clone effects and the 3 EBNA3C expression levels and identified 550 EBNA3C regulated genes.
Project description:Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) encoded Nuclear Antigens (EBNAs) and virus activated NF-B subunits mostly bind to enhancers in EBV transformed lymphoblastoid cells lines (LCLs). Using LCL 3D genome organization map that links EBV enhancers to promoters, we built the most comprehensive virus regulome. EBV regulome contained 1992 genes and enhancers directly linked to them. ~30% of genes essential for LCL growth were linked to EBV enhancers. CRISPR knock out of EBNA2 sites significantly reduced their target gene expression. Additional EBV super-enhancer (ESE) targets including MCL1, IRF4, and EBF were identified. MYC ESEs looping to MYC TSS was dependent on EBNAs. CRISPR deletions of MYC ESEs greatly reduced MYC expression and LCL growth. EBNA3A/3C altered CDKN2A/B spatial organization to suppress senescence. EZH2 inhibition decreased the looping at the CDKN2A/B loci and reduced LCL growth. This study defines the most comprehensive host-pathogen interactions on the spatial organiz ation of chromatin during infection and cancer.