Project description:SARST-V1 method was used to asses the effect of live yeast on the microbial population of the rumen of cows fed an acidogenic diet 3 cows were used in 3 by 3 latin-square design with 3 periods. In each period animals received either 0.5g/d of yeast, 5g/d of yeast or none. Rumen microbiota was analysed using the SARST-V1 method for each period.
Project description:As the unique organ, rumen plays vital roles in providing products for humans, however, the underlying cell composition and interactions with epithelium-attached microbes remain largely unknown. Herein, we performed an integrated analysis in single-cell transcriptome, epithelial microbiome, and metabolome of rumen tissues to explore the differences of microbiota-host crosstalk between newborn and adult cattle models. We found that fewer epithelial cell subtypes and more abundant immune cells (e.g., Th17 cells) in the rumen tissue of adult cattle. Metabolism-related functions and oxidation-reduction process were significantly upregulated in the adult rumen epithelial cell subtypes. The epithelial Desulfovibrio was significantly enriched in the adult cattle. To further clarify the role of Desulfovibrio in host’s oxidation-reduction process, we performed metabolomics analysis of rumen tissues and found that Desulfovibrio showed a high co-occurrence probability with the pyridoxal in the adult cattle compared with newborn ones. The adult rumen epithelial cell subtypes also showed stronger ability of pyridoxal binding. These indicates that Desulfovibrio and pyridoxal likely play important roles in maintaining redox balance in adult rumen. The integrated analysis provides novel insights into the understanding of rumen function and facilitate the future precision improvement of rumen function and milk/meat production in cattle.
Project description:Creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) is a new multifunctional nutrient that can provide both pyruvate and creatine. It has been shown to relieve the heat stress of beef cattle by improving antioxidant activity and rumen microbial protein synthesis, but the mechanism of CrPyr influencing rumen fermentation remains unclear. This study aimed to use metaproteomics technologies to investigate the bacterial protein function in rumen fluid samples taken from heat-stressed beef cattle treated with or without 60 g/d CrPyr.
Project description:Origanum oil (ORO), garlic oil (GAO), and peppermint oil (PEO) were shown to effectively lower methane production, decrease abundance of methanogens, and change abundances of several bacterial populations important to feed digestion in vitro. In this study, the impact of these essential oils (EOs, at 0.50 g/L), on the rumen bacterial community composition was further examined using the recently developed RumenBactArray.
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in rumen epithelium of dairy cattle at different stages of rumen development and on different diets.
Project description:Bacillus licheniformis (B. licheniformis) is a microorganism with a wide range of probiotic properties and applications. Isolation and identification of novel strains is a major aspect of microbial research. Besides, the role of different carbon sources affects B. licheniformis in regulating micro-environment and the mechanisms need to be further investigated. In this study, we first isolated and identified a new strain of B. licheniformis from bovine rumen fluid. Microcrystalline cellulose (MC) and cellobiose (CB) as the certain carbon sources to treat strain. Further, a combination of transcriptome and proteome analyses was used to different carbon sources effects. The results showed that B. licheniformis ABC transporter proteins, antibiotic synthesis, flagellar assembly, cellulase-related pathways and proteins were significantly up-regulated in the MC treatment compared to the CB treatment, and lactate metabolism was inhibited. In addition, MC was used as a certain carbon source to improve bacterial inhibition of B. licheniformis, its own disease resistance and to regulate the rumen micro-environment. In conclusion, our research provides a potential new probiotic for feed research and a theoretical basis for investigating the mechanisms by which bacteria respond to different carbon sources.
