Project description:The transcription factor BATF is required for Th17 and TFH differentiation. Here, we show that BATF also has a fundamental role in regulating effector CD8+ T cell differentiation. BATF-deficient CD8+ T cells show profound defects in effector expansion and undergo proliferative and metabolic catastrophe early after antigen encounter. BATF, together with IRF4 and Jun proteins, binds to and promotes early expression of genes encoding lineage-specific transcription-factors (T-bet and Blimp-1) and cytokine receptors, while paradoxically repressing genes encoding effector molecules (IFNg and granzyme B). Thus, BATF amplifies TCR-dependent transcription factor expression and augments inflammatory signal propagation but restrains effector gene expression. This checkpoint prevents irreversible commitment to an effector fate until a critical threshold of downstream transcriptional activity has been achieved. P14 TCR transgenic CD8+ T cells from wild-type or BATF-/- mice were examined either as naïve cells or after 3 days of in vitro stimulation with antibodies to CD3 and CD28 in the presence of IL-2
Project description:MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is upregulated in primary effector CD8 T cells but is expressed at low amounts in naïve cells. Anti-viral CD8 T cell responses and viral clearance were impaired in miR-155 deficient (bic-/-) mice, and this defect was intrinsic to CD8 T cells, as adoptively transferred bic-/- CD8 T cells generated greatly reduced primary and memory responses during infection. To understand the mechanism by which miR-155 regulates CD8 T cell activation, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of naive and in vitro activated wild-type and bic-/- CD8 T cells. CD8 T cells were purified from uninfected C57BL/6 mice and stimulated in vitro with plate-bound anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies for 48 h or left unstimulated. RNA from these CD8 T cells was processed, amplified, labeled, and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip MoGene 1.0 st microarrays.
Project description:MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is upregulated in primary effector CD8 T cells but is expressed at low amounts in naïve cells. Anti-viral CD8 T cell responses and viral clearance were impaired in miR-155 deficient (bic-/-) mice, and this defect was intrinsic to CD8 T cells, as adoptively transferred bic-/- CD8 T cells generated greatly reduced primary and memory responses during infection. To understand the mechanism by which miR-155 regulates CD8 T cell activation, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of naive and in vitro activated wild-type and bic-/- CD8 T cells.
Project description:The transcription factor BATF is required for Th17 and TFH differentiation. Here, we show that BATF also has a fundamental role in regulating effector CD8+ T cell differentiation. BATF-deficient CD8+ T cells show profound defects in effector expansion and undergo proliferative and metabolic catastrophe early after antigen encounter. BATF, together with IRF4 and Jun proteins, binds to and promotes early expression of genes encoding lineage-specific transcription-factors (T-bet and Blimp-1) and cytokine receptors, while paradoxically repressing genes encoding effector molecules (IFNg and granzyme B). Thus, BATF amplifies TCR-dependent transcription factor expression and augments inflammatory signal propagation but restrains effector gene expression. This checkpoint prevents irreversible commitment to an effector fate until a critical threshold of downstream transcriptional activity has been achieved. This is an examination of 5 different transcription factors (TFs) with 5 different histone modifications in effector CD8+ T cells. Two of the TFs (BATF and IRF4) and the histone modifications were replicated. Appropriate control sequence files for ChIP input, IgG ChIP, and Total H3 are also included.
Project description:Bach2 codes for a transcriptional regulator exerting major influences on T cell mediated immune regulation. Effector CTLs derived from in vitro activation of murine CD8+ T cells showed increased proliferative and cytolytic capacity in the absence of BACH2. Before activation, BACH2-deficient CD8+ T cells had a higher abundance of memory and reduced abundance of naïve cells compared to wild-type. CTLs derived from central memory T cells were more potently cytotoxic than those derived from naïve T cells, but even within separated subsets, BACH2-deficiency conferred a cytotoxic advantage. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy revealed larger granules in BACH2-deficient compared to wild-type CTLs, and proteomic analysis showed an increase in granule content, including perforin and granzymes. Thus, the enhanced cytotoxicity observed in effector CTLs lacking BACH2 arises not only from differences in their initial differentiation state but also inherent production of enlarged cytolytic granules. These results demonstrate how a single gene deletion can produce a CTL super-killer.
Project description:Naïve CD44low CD25low CD8+ T cells from Bcl11bF/F/dLck-iCre and wild type mice at steady state were sorted at 90% purity, RNA was extracted and profile for mRNA expression to identify mRNAs differentially expressed in Bcl11b-/- naïve CD8+ T cells versus wild type. Naïve CD44low CD25low CD8+ T cells purified from Bcl11bF/F/dLck-iCre and wild type mice and investigated for mRNA expression
Project description:The precise timing and pathway of memory CD8+ T cells differentiation from naïve T cells have remained undetermined. We found the smaller cell-size and slower cell cycling cells were segregated from the proliferative larger cell-size activated T cell pool at the peak of infection. Gene signature of the smaller cell-size slower cycling cells and the large cell-size proliferative cells was compared to the signature of naïve, effector, central and effector memory CD8+ T cells. Total RNA samples were prepared from sorted populations of larger or smaller cell-sized cells from spleens of influenza virus PR8-OVA-infected mice on day 7 p.i. or from in vitro 7 days culture after stimulation with plate-bound anti-CD3ε (1.0 μg ml−1) and anti-CD28 mAb (0.5 μg ml−1). Effector T-cell control samples were prepared from SIINFEKL (100 ng ml−1) stimulated OT-I cells after 4 days of in vitro culture with rIL-2 (10 ng/ml) and sorted as CD8+CD44hiCD62Llo. Control bona fide effector memory and central memory T cells were sorted from the spleens of PR8-OVA-infected mice on day 42 p.i. Naive cells were sorted as CD8+CD44loCD62Lhi cells from uninfected C57BL/6 mice.
Project description:miRNAs play an important role in regulating CD8+ T cell response. We used the microarray approach to profile the miRNA signatures of naïve, day 5 effector, day 8 effector, and memory CD8+ T cells. We identified a miRNA signature associated with rapidly proliferating effector CD8+ T cells. CD8+ T cells from P14 TCR transgenic mice were transferred to C57BL6 recipients which were subsequently infected with LCMV Armstrong. Donor P14 CD8+ T cells were sorted on day 5, day 8, or >day 60 post-infection. Naïve P14 CD8+ T cells were sorted directly from naive P14 splenocytes. The total RNA including miRNAs was extracted from sorted samples, labeled, and hybridized to Agilent Mouse miRNA microarray.
Project description:Naïve CD44-lo/CD62L-hi/CD8+ T cells from C3H.SW mice were compared to CD44-hi/CD82L-lo/CD8+ effector memory T cells and CD44-lo/CD62L-hi/CD8+ postmitotic T cells, using 3 biological replicates of each type of sample. The later two cells types were highly purified at day 14 after transplantation from GVHD B6/SJL mice receiving donor C3H.SW mouse-derived naive CD44-lo/CD62L-hi/CD8+ T cells and T cell-depleted bone marrow. Recipient mice had first been lethally irradiated at a dose of 10Gy in two fractions. This is a MHC-identical minor histocompatibility antigen-mismatched mouse GVHD model of human allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Naive T cell samples were from pools of 2 mice each, while effector memory and postmitotic T cell samples were purified from pools of T cells from 4 mice each. After RNA extraction and cleanup, biotin labeled cRNA was prepared from 600 ng total RNA, using two rounds of in vitro transcription, and hybridized to Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430A 2.0 arrays using standard techniques. Keywords: Cell type comparison
Project description:In cancer, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) often differentiate into dysfunctional states, re-sembling exhausted T cells that arise in chronic viral infections. The dysfunctional state of exhaustion in CD8 T cells is characterized by diminished effector function, namely decreased cytotoxic activity and reduced expression of effector molecules, such as granzyme B. BATF is a transcription factor (TF) known to promote the differentiation of effector CD8 T cells in the chronic viral infection model; however, its role in cancer is not well studied. Using bulk RNA-sequencing (bulk RNA-seq), we identified that BATF-overexpression in tumor-specific CD8 T cells exhibited enrichment for a gene set upregulated in early effector CD8 T cells compared to late exhausted CD8 T cells. Notably, BATF overexpression enhanced the gene expression of various activation markers, costimulatory molecules, effector molecules, chemokine receptors, and other transcription factors, including Hif1a. Additionally, GSEA analysis revealed that BATF-overexpressing CD8 T cells were negatively enriched for Reactome pathways of cellular responses to stress as well as stress-induced senescence. Collectively, our findings support BATF as a key regulator of effector CD8 T cell activity and function within the tumor and shed light on potential pathways BATF may upregulate to facilitate effective tumor control.