Project description:In the present study, the proteomics approach identified potential protein signatures with high discriminative ability in TB patients with and without drug-induced liver injury which might play a crucial role in developing Anti-tubercular drug-induced liver injury.
Project description:<p>The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) has established the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) to collect and analyze cases of severe liver injury caused by prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, and alternative medicines, such as herbal products and supplements.</p>
Project description:The antimicrobials isoniazid and pyrazinamide, used for the treatment of tuberculosis are known to cause drug-induced liver injury in humans. This limits the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment, resulting in incomplete cure, relapse and the development of antimicrobial resistance. MicroRNAs are known to be good biomarkers of disease, with the microRNA miR-122 being diagnostic for liver injury. In this study zebrafish larvae were exposed to the anti-tuberculosis drugs isoniazid and pyrazinamide at concentrations which demonstrated liver injury by microscopy and histology. The aim of this study is to understand small RNA changes occurring in anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury and to attempt to identify novel microRNA biomarkers of liver injury.
Project description:The robust transcriptional plasticity of liver mediated through xenobiotic receptors underlies its ability to respond rapidly and effectively to diverse chemical stressors. Thus, drug-induced gene expression changes in liver serve not only as biomarkers of liver injury, but also as mechanistic sentinels of adaptation in metabolism, detoxification and tissue protection from chemicals. Modern RNA sequencing methods offer an unmatched opportunity to quantitatively monitor these processes in parallel and to contextualize the spectrum of dose-dependent stress, adaptation, protection and injury responses induced in liver by drug treatments. Using this approach, we profiled the transcriptional changes in rat liver following daily oral administration of 95 different compounds, many of which are known to be associated with clinical risk for drug induced liver injury (DILI) by diverse mechanisms.
Project description:Tuberculosis is one of top causes of death among curable infectious diseases; it is an airborne infectious disease that kills 2 million people worldwide. Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury is the primary cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Rifampicin is one of the most common anti-tuberculosis therapies and has well-known hepatotoxicity. To understand the mechanism of rifampicin-induced liver injury, we performed a global proteomic analysis of liver proteins by LC-MS/MS in a mouse model after the oral administration of 177 and 442.5 mg/kg rifampicin (LD10 and LD25) for 14 days. Based on the biochemical parameters in the plasma after rifampicin treatment, the hepatotoxic effect of rifampicin in the mouse liver was defined as a mixed liver injury. In the present study, we identified 1,101 proteins and quantified 1,038 proteins. A total of 29 and 40 proteins were up-regulated and 27 and 118 proteins were down-regulated in response to 177 and 442.5 mg/kg rifampicin, respectively.