Project description:Expression profiling of HCT116 colon cancer cells with different treatments. Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip was used to obtain expression profiles across more than 31,000 annotated genes. Total RNA obtained from HCT116 cells with different treatments, namely, cells with TNF-α (50ng/ml)/IFN-ɣ (50U/ml) treatment, cells with TNF-α (50 ng/ml)/IFN-ɣ (50 U/ml) and silibinin (100 uM) treatment and cells without any treatment. Each sample has 2 biological replicates.
Project description:G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have diverse roles in physiological processes, including immunity. Gs-coupled GPCRs increase while Gi-coupled ones decrease intracellular cAMP. Previous studies suggest that, in epithelial cells, Gs-coupled GPCRs enhance whereas Gi-coupled GPCRs suppress pro-inflammatory immune responses. In order to examine the issue, we chose beta2 adrenergic receptor and GPR40 as representatives of Gs- and Gi- coupled GPCRs, respectively, and examined their effects on TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma-(TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma) induced gene expression by HaCaT. We used microarrays to detail the global changes of gene expression induced by a beta2 adrenergic receptor agonist terbutaline or GPR40 agonist GW9508 pre-treatment in TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma - stimulated HaCaT cells. HaCaT cells were pre-treated with terbutaline or GW9508, TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma were then added, and cultured for another 24 h. Cells were then used for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. We sought to clarify changes in gene expression after 1) TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma, 2) TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma + terbutaline, and 3) TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma + GW9508 treatment. To this end, we set 4 groups of samples; 1) unstimulated group, 2) TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma-stimulated group, 3) TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma + terbutaline-stimulated group, and 4) TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma + GW9508-stimulated group. In each group, HaCaT cells were stimulated in triplicate wells (n=3).
Project description:We have previously reported that the dengue virus (DENV) type 3 P12/08 strain caused a lethal systemic infection, severe vascular leakage at terminal stage in IFN-α/β and γ receptors knockout mice (IFN-α/β/γRKO mice), and blockade of TNF-α signaling drastically protected mice. However, the detailed pathological mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, we performed transcriptome analysis of liver and intestinal specimens, which showed most clearly exhibited vascular leakage, chronologically collected from infected- IFN-α/β/γRKO mice with/without anti-TNF-α Ab treatment.
Project description:Genome wide DNA methylation profiling of CD11b+CD33+ cells after treatment with different cytokines. The Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC Beadchip was used to obtain DNA methylation profiles across approximately 850,000 CpGs in CD11b+CD33+ cells isolated from PBMCs treated in vitro for 4 days with TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma or control.
Project description:Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that function in intercellular communication. We have previously reported that exosomes play a role in the transmission of antiviral molecules during interferon-α (IFN-α)-mediated immune responses. In this study, the protein contents of THP-1-derived macrophages with or without interferon-α treatment and of the exosomes secreted from these cells were analyzed by the label-free LC-MS/MS quantitation technologies. A total number of 1845 and 1550 protein groups were identified in the THP-1 macrophages and the corresponding exosomes, respectively. Treating the cells with IFN-α resulted in the differential abundance of 110 proteins in cells and 260 proteins in exosomes (greater than 2.0-fold), among which 35 proteins were both up-regulated in the IFN-α treated cells and corresponding exosomes while 139 proteins were specifically up-regulated in exosomes but not in the donor cells. GO and KEGG analysis of the protein function categories suggested that IFN-α promoted the abundance of proteins involved in “defense response to virus” in both exosomes and cells, and proteins related to “RNA processing” only in exosomes. Functional analysis further indicated that exosomes from IFN-α-treated cells exhibited potent antiviral activity that restored the impaired antiviral response of IFN-α in hepatitis B virus-replicating hepatocytes. These results have deepened the understanding of the exosome-mediated transfer of IFN-α-induced antiviral molecules and may provide new basis for therapeutic strategies to control viral infection.
Project description:Analysis of MIN6 murine beta cell line transfected with ARH3 RNAi and treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IFN-gamma.
Project description:Analysis of MIN6 murine beta cell line transfected with Pla2g6 RNAi and treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IFN-gamma.
Project description:gene expression profile of HCT116 p53+/+ cells in response to RAF inhibition Total RNA obtained from HCT116 cells treated with or without 10nM SB590885
Project description:COVID-19 has rapidly circulated around the globe and caused significant morbidity and mortality. The disease is characterized by excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute lung damage and patient mortality. Although initial cytokine cascades may be beneficial to the host for clearing the virus, enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing levels in the systemic circulation, referred to as cytokine storm, can promote tissue damage by inducing inflammatory cell death in both infected and bystander cells. Of the multiple inflammatory cytokines produced by innate immune cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we found that the combination of TNF-α and IFN-γ specifically induced cell death characterized by GSDME¬–mediated pyroptosis, caspase-8–mediated apoptosis, and MLKL–mediated necroptosis. Cells deficient in both RIPK3 and caspase-8 or RIPK3 and FADD were resistant to this cell death. However, deletion of pyroptosis, apoptosis, or necroptosis individually was not sufficient to protect against cell death. Mechanistically, the STAT1/IRF1 axis activated by TNF-α and IFN-γ co-treatment induced iNOS for the production of nitric oxide. Pharmacological and genetic deletion of this pathway inhibited pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis in macrophages. Moreover, inhibition of inflammatory cell death protected mice from TNF-α and IFN-γ–induced lethal cytokine shock that mirrors the pathological symptoms of COVID-19. To determine the physiological relevance of protection, we neutralized both TNF-α and IFN-γ in multiple disease models associated with cytokine storm and found that this treatment provided substantial protection against not only SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also sepsis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and cytokine shock models. Collectively, our findings reveal that blocking the COVID-19 cytokine-mediated inflammatory cell death signaling pathway identified in this study may benefit patients with COVID-19 or other cytokine storm-driven syndromes by limiting inflammation and tissue damage. Additionally, these results open new avenues for the treatment of other infectious and autoinflammatory diseases and cancer where TNF-α and IFN-γ synergism play key pathological roles.