Project description:Tuberculosis-associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a common complication in HIV-TB co-infected patients receiving combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). While monocytes/macrophages play major roles in both HIV- and TB-infection individually, a putative contribution of monocytes to the development of TB-IRIS remains unexamined. We performed a genome-wide array analysis on MOs purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained before initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) to verify whether the transcriptome of MOs was already significantly modulated (even before receiving cART) in HIV+/TB+ patients who later developed TB-IRIS compared to control HIV+/TB+ patients who did not develop the complication . The subjects under study included a subset of 18 TB-IRIS patients and controls matched for age, gender and CD4 count.
Project description:ACTG A5258, we asked whether chloroquine could reduce the immune activation in HIV infection posited to be driven by microbial TLR agonists, such as bacterial elements translocated from the gut and HIV-1 RNAs . We anticipate that blocking this activation pathway might interfere with events in pathogenesis leading to AIDS- and non-AIDS-related clinical manifestations of HIV disease. Blood samples were taken from 20 individuals at week 0 (before treatement) and week 12. 10 individuals received chloroquine 250mg orally and 10 individuals received placebo.
Project description:ACTG A5258, we asked whether chloroquine could reduce the immune activation in HIV infection posited to be driven by microbial TLR agonists, such as bacterial elements translocated from the gut and HIV-1 RNAs . We anticipate that blocking this activation pathway might interfere with events in pathogenesis leading to AIDS- and non-AIDS-related clinical manifestations of HIV disease. Blood samples were taken from 20 individuals at week 0 (before treatement) and week 12. 10 individuals received chloroquine 250mg orally and 10 individuals received placebo.
Project description:Opportunistic oral infections are ultimately presented in a vast majority of HIV-infected patients, often causing debilitating lesions that also contribute to deterioration in nutritional health. Although appreciation for the role that the microbiota is likely to play in the initiation and/or enhancement of oral infections has grown considerably in recent years, little is known about the impact of HIV infection on host-microbe interactions within the oral cavity. In the current study, we characterize modulations in the bacterial composition of the lingual microbiome in patients with treated and untreated HIV infection. Bacterial species profiles were elucidated by microarray assay and compared between untreated HIV infected patients, HIV infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy, and healthy HIV negative controls. The relationship between clinical parameters (viral burden and CD4+ T cell depletion) and the loss or gain of bacterial species was evaluated in each HIV patient group. Characterization of modulations in the dorsal tongue (lingual) microbiota that are associated with chronic HIV infection.
Project description:Exploratory microarray analysis identified significant changes in gene expression in adipose tissue. These included changes in genes regulating lipid and steroid metabolic processes and electron carrier activity in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Additional genes involved in metabolic processes and mitochondrial function were found to be up-regulated in the adipose tissue of HIV-positive patients compared with HIV-negative controls.
Project description:Exploratory microarray analysis identified significant changes in gene expression in adipose tissue. These included changes in genes regulating lipid and steroid metabolic processes and electron carrier activity in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Additional genes involved in metabolic processes and mitochondrial function were found to be up-regulated in the adipose tissue of HIV-positive patients compared with HIV-negative controls. To identify differential gene expression in different tissues (PBMC, muscle, adipose tissue) between HIV patient groups (HIV negative, HIV positive with ART, HIV positive without ART).
Project description:ACTG A5258, we asked whether chloroquine could reduce the immune activation in HIV infection posited to be driven by microbial TLR agonists, such as bacterial elements translocated from the gut and HIV-1 RNAs . We anticipate that blocking this activation pathway might interfere with events in pathogenesis leading to AIDS- and non-AIDS-related clinical manifestations of HIV disease.
Project description:ACTG A5258, we asked whether chloroquine could reduce the immune activation in HIV infection posited to be driven by microbial TLR agonists, such as bacterial elements translocated from the gut and HIV-1 RNAs . We anticipate that blocking this activation pathway might interfere with events in pathogenesis leading to AIDS- and non-AIDS-related clinical manifestations of HIV disease.
Project description:Opportunistic oral infections are ultimately presented in a vast majority of HIV-infected patients, often causing debilitating lesions that also contribute to deterioration in nutritional health. Although appreciation for the role that the microbiota is likely to play in the initiation and/or enhancement of oral infections has grown considerably in recent years, little is known about the impact of HIV infection on host-microbe interactions within the oral cavity. In the current study, we characterize modulations in the bacterial composition of the lingual microbiome in patients with treated and untreated HIV infection. Bacterial species profiles were elucidated by microarray assay and compared between untreated HIV infected patients, HIV infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy, and healthy HIV negative controls. The relationship between clinical parameters (viral burden and CD4+ T cell depletion) and the loss or gain of bacterial species was evaluated in each HIV patient group.
