ABSTRACT: Temporal-spatial Establishment of Initial Niche for the Primary Spermatogonial Stem Cell formation is Determined by an ARID4B Regulatory Network (ChIP-Seq)
Project description:Temporal-spatial Establishment of Initial Niche for the Primary Spermatogonial Stem Cell formation is Determined by an ARID4B Regulatory Network
Project description:Temporal-spatial Establishment of Initial Niche for the Primary Spermatogonial Stem Cell formation is Determined by an ARID4B Regulatory Network (RNA-Seq)
Project description:The primary spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), which arise from gonocytes during neonatal development, serve as a foundational self-renewing reservoir to ensure continuous production of spermatozoa throughout adulthood. The transformation of gonocytes into SSCs takes place in a niche established by Sertoli cells. To date, the factors that guide Sertoli cells to establish the initial stem cell niche remain largely unknown. Using Sertoli cell-specific Arid4b knockout (Arid4bSCKO) mice, we demonstrated that ablation of ARID4B resulted in failure to establish a niche for the SSC formation. We performed ChIP-Seq analysis to identify target genes of ARID4B in testes.
Project description:The primary spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), which arise from gonocytes during neonatal development, serve as a foundational self-renewing reservoir to ensure continuous production of spermatozoa throughout adulthood. The transformation of gonocytes into SSCs takes place in a niche established by Sertoli cells. To date, the factors that guide Sertoli cells to establish the initial stem cell niche remain largely unknown. Using Sertoli cell-specific Arid4b knockout (Arid4bSCKO) mice, we demonstrated that ablation of ARID4B resulted in failure to establish a niche for the SSC formation. We performed RNA-Seq analysis to examine the gene expression profile of the Arid4bSCKO testes in comparison with that of control testes.
Project description:High Arid4b promotes mammary tumor growth and metastasis in mouse model systems, and is associated with poor metastasis-free survival in human breast cancer patients. Through shRNA-mediated knockdown, we demonstrated that loss of Arid4b significantly inhibits the ability of mouse breast cancer cells to metastasize to the lungs. We performed microarray expression and subsequent network analysis to identify genes diferentially regulated as a consequence of Arid4b knockdown. The highly metastatic mouse breast cancer cell line 6DT1 was transduced with lentiviral shRNAs targeting Arid4b (RMM4534-NM_194262, Open Biosystems) or scrambled control in the same pLKO.1 vector backbone. Stably transduced cells were selected with puromycin, then total RNA was isolated from pooled clones.
Project description:Thylakoid membranes are the specialized internal membrane system produced in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria to convert sunlight to chemical energy via oxygenic photosynthesis. Cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes harbor the protein complexes and electron transport molecules that are necessary for photosynthetic light reactions and respiratory electron flow. The thylakoid membranes sit between the plasma membrane and the central cytoplasm, leading to intricate cellular compartmentalization. How thylakoid membranes are generated to form the functional network and how protein complexes are recruited into thylakoids remain elusive. Here, we developed a method to modulate thylakoid biogenesis in the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 and probed the spatial-temporal stepwise biogenesis process of cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes, using electron microscopy, in situ cryo-electron tomography, confocal microscopy, mass spectroscopy, and biochemical approaches. Our results revealed that the plasma membrane and regularly-arranged concentric thylakoid layers have no physical connections. The newly synthesized thylakoid membrane fragments commerce between the plasma membrane and pre-existing thylakoids, where the initial biogenesis of Photosystem II occurs. Photosystem I monomers appear in thylakoid membranes earlier than other photosystem assemblies. Redistribution of photosynthetic protein complexes during thylakoid biogenesis ensures establishment of the spatial organization of the functional thylakoid membrane network. This study provides insights into the molecular processes of the photosynthetic machinery biosynthesis and organization.
Project description:High Arid4b promotes mammary tumor growth and metastasis in mouse model systems, and is associated with poor metastasis-free survival in human breast cancer patients. Through shRNA-mediated knockdown, we demonstrated that loss of Arid4b significantly inhibits the ability of mouse breast cancer cells to metastasize to the lungs. We performed microarray expression and subsequent network analysis to identify genes diferentially regulated as a consequence of Arid4b knockdown.
Project description:The aim of the study was to identify in vivo spermatogonial gene expression within the context of their biological niche. Identification of spermatogonial genes was done by t-testing on the replicates of Score 3 (Spermatogonia) and Score 2 (SCO) testicular biopsies. 3 biological replicates with spermatogonial presence in the tubuli seminiferi, 5 biological replicates with Sertoli-cell-only syndrome.
Project description:Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are critical for maintaining spermatogenesis throughout adult life. Little is known about how SSCs are first generated. Here, we report the identification of a transcription factor—RHOX10—that promotes the initial establishment of SSCs. We were led to this discovery because we found that conditional loss of a large X-linked gene cluster comprised of 33 related homeobox genes, including Rhox10, causes defects predicted if SSCs fail to be generated or maintained. Remarkably, KO of only Rhox10 elicits SSC-related defects indistinguishable from KO of the entire gene cluster. Using a battery of approaches, including single cell-RNAseq analysis, we determined that loss of Rhox10 causes accumulation of undifferentiated germ cells—Pro-spermatogonia (ProSG)—at a time when they normally would form SSCs. The identification of a transcription factor that drives the initial generation of SSCs has potential therapeutic applications for infertility.
2016-09-27 | GSE82174 | GEO
Project description:Spatial and temporal niche separation of Methanomassiliicoccales in temperate fens