Molecular characterization of the effects of shift work and food consumption on cardiovascular disease in the rat
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA514049 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR8426300.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8426310.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8426320.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8426330.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR8426340.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Shift work misaligns the circadian clock and leads to an increased risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, food consumed during the rest phase is a major contributor to this misalignment, as food access restricted to the endogenous active phase, at night, prevents against the adverse effects of shift work on obesity and diabetes in rats. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which shift work and food consumption contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders. To this end, we used a model of shift work in rats, whereby animals are exposed to a 12:12 light:dark cycle and are forced to be active for eight-hours during their natural rest phase during the day, Monday to Friday for five consecutive weeks. Given the preventive effects of temporal restriction of food intake, a group of shift worker rats with food access restricted to the night was included in addition to controls and shift workers. To gain insight into the molecular underpinnings of shift-work associated cardiovascular pathologies, we performed RNA-Seq analysis and Picrosirius Red staining in rat hearts. Our results show that shift work in rats, regardless of the time of food consumption, have an increase in collagen deposition in the heart. In addition, the expression of many genes encoding key fibrotic pathways was found to be up-regulated in shift worker rats that had their food restricted to the active phase. Altogether, our results suggest that five weeks of shift work in rats is capable of inducing cardiovascular disease through an up-regulation of collagen deposition in the heart.
2021-12-22 | GSE124870 | GEO
Project description:Food consumption is critical for animal survival and reproduction. The biomedical and economic consequences of metabolic diseases arising from excessive food intake, however, are a burden for human society. While the role of neuroendocrine feedback loops, food sensing modalities, and physiological state in regulating food intake are increasingly well understood, other genetic mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we applied ten generations of artificial selection for high and low food consumption in replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster. The phenotypic response to selection was highly asymmetric, with efficient selection and an average realized heritability of 0.15 in the lines selected for high food consumption. To further nominate candidate genes contributing to response to selection for feeding behavior, we evaluated differences in genome wide gene expression between the selection lines using whole-fly RNA sequencing. We identified 1,631 differentially expressed genes in the analysis pooled across sexes, and 1,267 (2,321) differentially expressed genes in females (males).
2016-12-07 | GSE71966 | GEO
Project description:Adequate protein intake is crucial for animals. Despite the recent progress in understanding protein hunger and satiety in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, how fruit flies assess prospective dietary protein sources and ensure protein consumption remains elusive. We show here that three specific amino acids, L-glutamate (L-Glu), L-alanine (L-Ala), and L-aspartate (L-Asp), but not the D-enantiomers, rapidly promote food consumption in fruit flies when present in food. The effect of dietary amino acids to promote food consumption is independent of mating experience and internal nutritional status. Calcium imaging experiments show that six brain neurons expressing diuretic hormone 44 (DH44) can be rapidly and directly activated by these three amino acids during feeding. Genetic analysis shows that DH44+ neurons are both necessary and sufficient for dietary amino acids to promote food consumption. By conducting single cell RNAseq analysis, we also identify a amino acid transporter, CG13248, which is highly expressed in DH44+ neurons and is required for dietary amino acids to promote food consumption. Therefore, these data suggest that dietary amino acids may enter DH44+ neurons via CG13248 and modulate their activity and hence food consumption. Taken together, these data identify an internal amino acid sensor in the fly brain that evaluate food sources post-ingestively and facilitates adequate protein intake. These results shed critical light on the regulation of protein homeostasis at organismal levels by the nervous system.
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Project description:Shift work disrupts circadian regulation of the transcriptome in hospital nurses
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Project description:The diets of industrialized countries reflect the increasing use of processed foods, often with the inclusion of novel food additives. Xanthan gum is a complex polysaccharide with unique rheological properties that have established its use as a widespread stabilizer and thickening agent. Xanthan gum’s chemical structure is distinct from the host and dietary polysaccharides that are more commonly expected to transit the gastrointestinal tract, and little is known about its direct interaction with the gut microbiota, which plays a central role in digestion of other dietary fiber polysaccharides. Here, we show that the ability to digest xanthan gum is surprisingly common in industrialized human gut microbiomes and appears contingent on a single uncultured bacterium in the family Ruminococcaceae. Our data reveal that this primary degrader cleaves the xanthan gum backbone before processing the released oligosaccharides using additional enzymes. Surprisingly, some individuals harbor a Bacteroides intestinalis that is incapable of consuming polymeric xanthan gum but grows on oligosaccharide products generated by the Ruminococcaceae. Feeding xanthan gum to germfree mice colonized with a human microbiota containing the uncultured Ruminococcaceae supports the idea that this additive can drive expansion of this primary degrader along with exogenously introduced Bacteroides intestinalis. Our work demonstrates the existence of a potential xanthan gum food chain involving at least two members of different phyla of gut bacteria and provides an initial framework to understand how widespread consumption of a recently introduced food additive influences human microbiomes.
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Project description:In the present study, we sought to determine the degree of circadian misalignments of hormonal and transcriptional rhythms with the timing of sleep-wake behavior on days off in day-shift and night-shift hospital nurses. We conducted a genome-wide microarray analysis on RNA isolated from PBMCs to examine individual variability of transcriptional rhythms.
2019-01-01 | GSE122541 | GEO
Project description:Objectives Shift work may contribute to unhealthy eating behaviors. However, the evidence is built mainly on comparisons of eating behaviors between shift and non-shift workers. Growing research has suggested daily experiences and exposures may contribute to daily fluctuations in people's food consumption. The purpose of this study was to examine within-person associations between shift work and same- and subsequent-day empty calorie food/beverage consumption. Methods This was a 14-day intensive longitudinal study using ecological momentary assessment. A convenience sample of 80 hospital registered nurses working a rotating shift in Taiwan completed a 21-item food checklist assessing their empty food/beverage consumption (ie, fast/fried food, sweet and salty snacks, sugar-sweetened beverages) four times at random daily. Daily shift work (ie, day, evening, or night shift) was derived from the registry-based work schedule. Three-level mixed-effects regression models were employed for hypothesis testing. Results A total of 77 participants with 2444 momentary assessments were included in the final analysis. The results suggested that participants on night compared to day shifts had higher likelihoods of fast/fried food intake [adjusted odds ratio (OR adj) 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.6] and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (OR adj1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.1). However, there were no significant associations between shift work and subsequent-day empty calorie food/beverage consumption. Conclusions Night shift work is associated with same-day increased empty calorie food/beverage consumption among workers. Strategies that help to prevent unhealthy eating behaviors on night shifts may help to reduce rotating shift workers' empty calorie food/beverage consumption and ultimately improve their health.
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Project description:The effect of simulated night shift work on the circadian regulation of the human transcriptome
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Project description:Eight healthy human subjects were enrolled in a 6-day simulated shift work protocol. Blood samples were collected during the two 24-hour measurement periods. Blood samples were collected every 4 hours during both measurement periods. Subjects entered the lab on Day 1. At the start of Day 2, the first 24-hour measurement period was started. Subjects slept according to their habitual sleep/wake schedule, followed by a 16-hour constant posture procedure. On days 3-6, the sleep period was delayed by 10 hours. Following the third night on this schedule, subjects underwent another 24-hour measurement period. During both measurement periods, 7 blood samples were collected and PBMCs were isolated. mRNA was extracted, labelled, and hybridized to microarrays.
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