Project description:RNase L is activated by 2-5A, which is synthesized specifically upon dsRNA sensing. Activated RNase L cleaves cellular RNAs, generating fragments that bear 2'-3' cylic phosphate and/or 5'-OH. Here we perform cyclic-phosphate capture and RNA-seq to map the precise sites at which cleavage is induced during dsRNA stress.
Project description:RNA ligation can regulate RNA function by altering RNA sequence, structure and coding potential. For example, the function of XBP1 in mediating the unfolded protein response requires RNA ligation, as does the maturation of some tRNAs. Here, we describe a novel in vivo model in C. elegans for the conserved RNA ligase RtcB, and show that RtcB ligates the xbp 1 mRNA during the IRE 1 branch of the unfolded protein response. Without RtcB, protein stress results in the accumulation of unligated xbp-1 mRNA fragments, defects in the unfolded protein response, and decreased lifespan. RtcB also ligates endogenous pre tRNA halves, and RtcB mutants have defects in growth and lifespan that can be bypassed by expression of pre-spliced tRNAs. In addition, animals that lack RtcB have defects that are independent of tRNA maturation and the unfolded protein response. Thus, RNA ligation by RtcB is required for the function of multiple endogenous target RNAs including both xbp-1 and tRNAs. RtcB is uniquely capable of performing these ligation functions, and RNA ligation by RtcB mediates multiple essential processes in vivo. 4 paired-end RNA-seq reads. Control worms have pre-spliced tRNAs, RtcB-null have mutated RtcB, +/- tunicamycin treatment
Project description:To identify small RNA cleaved by RNaseL, we captured intracellular RNA with 2'-3' cyclic phosphates by ligation an Illumina-compatible adaptor and the RNA ligase RtcB.
Project description:RNA ligation can regulate RNA function by altering RNA sequence, structure and coding potential. For example, the function of XBP1 in mediating the unfolded protein response requires RNA ligation, as does the maturation of some tRNAs. Here, we describe a novel in vivo model in C. elegans for the conserved RNA ligase RtcB, and show that RtcB ligates the xbp 1 mRNA during the IRE 1 branch of the unfolded protein response. Without RtcB, protein stress results in the accumulation of unligated xbp-1 mRNA fragments, defects in the unfolded protein response, and decreased lifespan. RtcB also ligates endogenous pre tRNA halves, and RtcB mutants have defects in growth and lifespan that can be bypassed by expression of pre-spliced tRNAs. In addition, animals that lack RtcB have defects that are independent of tRNA maturation and the unfolded protein response. Thus, RNA ligation by RtcB is required for the function of multiple endogenous target RNAs including both xbp-1 and tRNAs. RtcB is uniquely capable of performing these ligation functions, and RNA ligation by RtcB mediates multiple essential processes in vivo.
Project description:The E3 ligase factor cereblon (CRBN) is a target of thalidomide and lenalidomide, which are therapeutic agents used in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies and as ligands for targeted protein degradation. These agents are proposed to mimic a naturally occurring degron; however, the structural motif recognized by the thalidomide-binding domain of CRBN is unknown. Here, we report that C-terminal cyclic imides, post-translational modifications that arise from intramolecular cyclization of glutamine or asparagine residues, are degrons for CRBN. Dipeptides bearing the cyclic imide degron are substitutes for thalidomide when embedded within bifunctional small molecule degraders. Installation of the degron to the C-terminus of proteins induces CRBN-dependent ubiquitylation and degradation in vitro and in cells. C-Terminal cyclic imides are previously underappreciated post-translational modifications found throughout the human proteome that are endogenously recognized and removed by CRBN. The discovery of the cyclic imide degron defines a novel regulatory process controlled by these modifications, which may impact the development of therapeutic agents that engage CRBN.
Project description:mRNA transcriptome sequencing of tumor bearing lungs from KrasLSL-G12D/+Lkb1fl/fl, KrasLSL-G12D/+Lkb1fl/flIl1f9-/-(KL9) and KrasLSL-G12D/+Lkb1fl/flIl1f5-/-(KL5) or KrasLSL-G12D/+Tp53fl/fl, KrasLSL-G12D/+Tp53fl/flIl1f9-/-(KP9) and KrasLSL-G12D/+Tp53fl/flIl1f5-/-(KP5) after 10 weeks Ad-cre injection Tumor-burdened lungs from KL/KL5/KL9 mice and KP/KP5/KP9 mice were perfused through alveolar lavage and cardiac lavage with PBS, dry it quickly, and then homogenized in 2 ml of TRIzol (Invitrogen). Total RNAs were prepared and the quality of RNAs was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis and spectrophotometer analysis. Poly(A) mRNA was subsequently purified from 10μg total RNA using NEBNext Oligo d(T)25 Magnetic Beads Isolation Module. First-strand complementary DNA was synthesized with NEBNext RNA First-Strand Synthesis Module. NEBNext Ultra II Non-Directional RNA Second Strand Synthesis Module was used for the synthesis of the complementary strand of first-strand cDNA. The resulting double-stranded DNA was purified and Vazyme TruePrep DNA Library Prep kit V2 was used to prepare libraries followed by sequencing on an Illumina Hiseq X Ten platform with 150-bp paired-end reads strategy (Novogene). Quality control of mRNA-seq data was performed by using Fatsqc (v0.11.9) and low-quality bases were trimmed by Trim_galore (0.6.4_dev). All RNA-seq data were mapped to the mouse genome (Mus_musculus_Ensemble_94) by Hisat2 (v.2.0.5) and allowed a maximum of two mismatches per read. Gene expression level was calculated by FeatureCounts (v.2.0.0) with default parameters and normalized by FPKM (Fragments Per Kilobase of exon model per Million mapped fragments).
Project description:Poly(A)-ClickSeq is a new methodology for the sequencing of the 3'UTR/poly(A) tail junction of RNA. We analysed both wild-type and CF25Im knock-down HeLa cells in culture using Poly(A)-ClickSeq to find the distribution of poly(A) sites in these samples and determine the role of CF25Im in poly(A) site selection (alternative poly-adenylation, APA).
Project description:Analysis of transcriptional profiles in mDC sorted from apheresed PBMC and stimulated for 6 hours with cyclic glucan or LPS. The hypothesis tested is that cyclic glucan induces maturation and T cell-activation transcripts in human mDC. Total RNA extracted from mDC sorted from apheresed PBMC and activated for 6 hours with cyclic glucan or LPS.