Project description:We report here the draft genome sequence of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus CPCC 203265, a producer of glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin, which has significant inhibitory activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens. The draft genome size is 8 Mb, with a G+C content of 72.8%, and its sequence will facilitate the genome exploration of novel secondary metabolites.
Project description:Moenomycin-type antibiotics are phosphoglycolipids that are notable for their unique modes of action and have proven to be useful in animal nutrition. The gene clusters tchm from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus and moe from Streptomyces are among a limited number of known moenomycin-biosynthetic pathways. Most genes in tchm have counterparts in the moe cluster, except for tchmy and tchmz, the functions of which remain unknown. Sequence analysis indicates that TchmY belongs to the isoprenoid enzyme C2-like superfamily and may serve as a prenylcyclase. The enzyme was proposed to be involved in terminal cyclization of the moenocinyl chain in teichomycin, leading to the diumycinol chain of moenomycin isomers. Here, recombinant TchmY protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and its crystal structure was solved by SIRAS. Structural analysis and comparison with other prenylcyclases were performed. The overall fold of TchmY consists of an (α/α)6-barrel, and a potential substrate-binding pocket is found in the central chamber. These results should provide important information regarding the biosynthetic basis of moenomycin antibiotics.
Project description:BackgroundTeicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used clinically in Europe and in Japan for the treatment of multi-resistant Gram-positive infections. It is produced by fermenting Actinoplanes teichomyceticus. The pharmaceutically active principle is teicoplanin A2, a complex of compounds designated T-A2-1-A2-5 differing in the length and branching of the fatty acid moiety linked to the glucosamine residue on the heptapeptide scaffold. According to European and Japanese Pharmacopoeia, components of the drug must be reproduced in fixed amounts to be authorized for clinical use.ResultsWe report our studies on optimizing the fermentation process to produce teicoplanin A2 in A. teichomyceticus ATCC 31121. Robustness of the process was assessed on scales from a miniaturized deep-well microtiter system to flasks and 3-L bioreactor fermenters. The production of individual factors T-A2-1-A2-5 was modulated by adding suitable precursors to the cultivation medium. Specific production of T-A2-1, characterized by a linear C10:1 acyl moiety, is enhanced by adding methyl linoleate, trilinoleate, and crude oils such as corn and cottonseed oils. Accumulation of T-A2-3, characterized by a linear C10:0 acyl chain, is stimulated by adding methyl oleate, trioleate, and oils such as olive and lard oils. Percentages of T-A2-2, T-A2-4, and, T-A2-5 bearing the iso-C10:0, anteiso-C11:0, and iso-C11:0 acyl moieties, respectively, are significantly increased by adding precursor amino acids L-valine, L-isoleucine, and L-leucine. Along with the stimulatory effect on specific complex components, fatty acid esters, oils, and amino acids (with the exception of L-valine) inhibit total antibiotic productivity overall. By adding industrial oils to medium containing L-valine the total production is comparable, giving unusual complex compositions.ConclusionsSince the cost and the quality of teicoplanin production depend mainly on the fermentation process, we developed a robust and scalable fermentation process by using an industrial medium in which a complex composition can be modulated by the combined addition of suitable precursors. This work was performed in the wild-type strain ATCC 31121, which has a clear genetic background. This is important for starting a rational improvement program and also helps to better control teicoplanin production during process and strain development.
Project description:The acarviose metabolite acarbose is an a glucosidase inhibitor produced by Actinoplanes sp. SE50/110. It is medically important because it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this work a comprehensive proteome analysis of Actinoplanes sp. SE50/110 was carried out. The associated txt and RAW files were used for two different analyses and publications. While one study focused on a comparative analysis of Actinoplanes sp. SE50/110 to elucidate differences in the proteome cultures that were grown with either maltose or glucose, the other study applied spectral counting and analyzed only the maltose-grown cultures to determine the major proteins and their location in the cell. The txt files for the comparative data are labeled as "heavy_light" and of the spectral counting data as "light". Both datasets were derived from the same RAW files.
Project description:In order to characterize the transcriptional regulator AcrA, comparative genome wide transcriptome analyses were conducted. Therefore, the wild type Actinoplanes sp. SE50/110 and the mutant ΔacrA were each cultivated in triplicates in minimal medium supplemented with maltose or glucose as single carbon source. RNA samples from the biological replicates were taken from the middle of the growth phase of both strains in each maltose and glucose minimal medium, respectively. RNA was isolated and the three replicates were combined for each strain and condition. For each cultivation condition, the data from two arrays (dye swap) were combined to make statistically reliable conclusions.