An RNA Polymerase Ribozyme that Synthesizes its Own Ancestor
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA595935 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR10704108_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10704108_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10704109_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10704109_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:As part of an examination of a newly-evolved RNA polymerase ribozyme, 38-6, products of primer extension experiments using an RNA template encoding the hammerhead RNA endonuclease ribozyme, using 38-6 and its less active ancestor 24-3. These products were analyzed by next-generation sequencing to determine the rates of substitution, deletion, and insertion mutations for both polymerases.
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Project description:The RNA-based organisms from which modern life is thought to have descended would have depended on an RNA polymerase ribozyme to copy functional RNA molecules, including copying the polymerase itself. Such a polymerase must have been capable of copying structured RNAs with high efficiency and high fidelity to maintain genetic information across successive generations. Here the class I RNA polymerase ribozyme was evolved in vitro for the ability to synthesize functional ribozymes, resulting in the markedly improved ability to synthesize complex RNAs using nucleoside 5'-triphosphate (NTP) substrates. The polymerase is descended from the class I ligase, which contains the same catalytic core as the polymerase. The class I ligase can be synthesized by the improved polymerase as three separate RNA strands that assemble to form a functional ligase. The polymerase also can synthesize the complement of each of these three strands. Despite this remarkable level of activity, only a very small fraction of the assembled ligases retain catalytic activity due to the presence of disabling mutations. Thus, the fidelity of RNA polymerization should be considered a major impediment to the construction of a self-sustained, RNA-based evolving system. The propagation of heritable information requires both efficient and accurate synthesis of genetic molecules, a requirement relevant to both laboratory systems and the early history of life on Earth.
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Project description:Naturally-occurring catalytic RNA molecules — ribozymes — have attracted a great deal of research interest, yet very few of them have been identified in humans. Here, we developed a genome-wide approach to discover self-cleaving ribozymes and identified one naturally-occurring ribozyme in humans. The secondary structure and biochemical properties of this ribozyme indicate that it belongs to yet un-identified class of small self-cleaving ribozymes. The sequence of the ribozyme exhibits a clear evolutionary path from appearance between ~130 and ~65 million years ago (mya) to gain of self-cleavage activity very recently, ~13–10 mya, in the common ancestor of humans, chimpanzees and gorillas. The ribozyme appears to be functional in vivo and is embedded within an lncRNA belonging to the class of very long intergenic non-coding (vlinc) RNAs. The presence of a catalytic RNA enzyme in lncRNA opens a possibility that these transcripts could function by carrying catalytic RNA domains.
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Project description:Conventional reverse genetic approaches for study of Plasmodium malaria parasite gene function are limited, or not applicable. Hence, new inducible systems are needed. Here we describe a method to control P. falciparum gene expression in which target genes bearing a glmS ribozyme in the 3M-bM-^@M-2 untranslated region (3M-bM-^@M-2-UTR) are efficiently knocked down in transgenic P. falciparum parasites in response to exogenous glucosamine (GlcN) inducer. Using reporter genes, we show that the glmS ribozyme cleaves reporter mRNA in vivo leading to reduction in mRNA expression following GlcN treatment. GlcN-induced ribozyme activation also led to efficient reduction of reporter protein, which could be rapidly reversed by removing the inducer. The glmS ribozyme was validated as a reverse-genetic tool by integration into the essential gene and antifolate drug target dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (PfDHFR-TS). GlcN treatment of transgenic parasites led to rapid and efficient knockdown of PfDHFR-TS mRNA and protein. PfDHFR-TS knockdown led to a growth/arrest mutant phenotype and hypersensitivity to pyrimethamine. The glmS ribozyme is thus an important tool for study of P. falciparum essential genes and anti-malarial drug discovery. mRNA profiles were generated from 3D7 wild-type and DHFR-TS-GFP_glmS integrant parasites in untreated and treated with 10 mM Glucosamine conditions in duplicate.
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Project description:Conventional reverse genetic approaches for study of Plasmodium malaria parasite gene function are limited, or not applicable. Hence, new inducible systems are needed. Here we describe a method to control P. falciparum gene expression in which target genes bearing a glmS ribozyme in the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) are efficiently knocked down in transgenic P. falciparum parasites in response to exogenous glucosamine (GlcN) inducer. Using reporter genes, we show that the glmS ribozyme cleaves reporter mRNA in vivo leading to reduction in mRNA expression following GlcN treatment. GlcN-induced ribozyme activation also led to efficient reduction of reporter protein, which could be rapidly reversed by removing the inducer. The glmS ribozyme was validated as a reverse-genetic tool by integration into the essential gene and antifolate drug target dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (PfDHFR-TS). GlcN treatment of transgenic parasites led to rapid and efficient knockdown of PfDHFR-TS mRNA and protein. PfDHFR-TS knockdown led to a growth/arrest mutant phenotype and hypersensitivity to pyrimethamine. The glmS ribozyme is thus an important tool for study of P. falciparum essential genes and anti-malarial drug discovery.
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