Project description:In this study, we studied the fibrolytic potential of the rumen microbiota in the rumen of 6 lambs separated from their dams from 12h of age and artificially fed with milk replacer (MR) and starter feed from d8, in absence (3 lambs) or presence (3 lambs) of a combination of the live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 and selected yeast metabolites. The fibrolytic potential of the rumen microbiota of the lambs at 56 days of age was analyzed with a DNA microarray (FibroChip) targeting genes coding for 8 glycoside hydrolase (GH) families.
Project description:A healthy rumen is crucial for normal growth and improved production performance of ruminant animals. Rumen microbes participate in and regulate rumen epithelial function, and the diverse metabolites produced by rumen microbes are important participants in rumen microbe-host interactions. SCFAs, as metabolites of rumen microbes, have been widely studied, and propionate and butyrate have been proven to promote rumen epithelial cell proliferation. Succinate, as an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle, is a final product in the metabolism of certain rumen microbes, and is also an intermediate product in the microbial synthesis pathway of propionate. However, its effect on rumen microbes and rumen epithelial function has not been studied. It is unclear whether succinate can stimulate rumen epithelial development. Therefore, in this experiment, Chinese Tan sheep were used as experimental animals to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the rumen microbiota community structure and rumen epithelial transcriptome, to explore the role of adding succinate to the diet in the interaction between the rumen microbiota and host.
Project description:SARST-V1 method was used to asses the effect of live yeast on the microbial population of the rumen of cows fed an acidogenic diet 3 cows were used in 3 by 3 latin-square design with 3 periods. In each period animals received either 0.5g/d of yeast, 5g/d of yeast or none. Rumen microbiota was analysed using the SARST-V1 method for each period.
Project description:As the unique organ, rumen plays vital roles in providing products for humans, however, the underlying cell composition and interactions with epithelium-attached microbes remain largely unknown. Herein, we performed an integrated analysis in single-cell transcriptome, epithelial microbiome, and metabolome of rumen tissues to explore the differences of microbiota-host crosstalk between newborn and adult cattle models. We found that fewer epithelial cell subtypes and more abundant immune cells (e.g., Th17 cells) in the rumen tissue of adult cattle. Metabolism-related functions and oxidation-reduction process were significantly upregulated in the adult rumen epithelial cell subtypes. The epithelial Desulfovibrio was significantly enriched in the adult cattle. To further clarify the role of Desulfovibrio in host’s oxidation-reduction process, we performed metabolomics analysis of rumen tissues and found that Desulfovibrio showed a high co-occurrence probability with the pyridoxal in the adult cattle compared with newborn ones. The adult rumen epithelial cell subtypes also showed stronger ability of pyridoxal binding. These indicates that Desulfovibrio and pyridoxal likely play important roles in maintaining redox balance in adult rumen. The integrated analysis provides novel insights into the understanding of rumen function and facilitate the future precision improvement of rumen function and milk/meat production in cattle.
Project description:While DNA methylation in other tissues can be approximated through model species, the dynamic distribution and regulatory significance of DNA methylation in the rumen, a unique organ in ruminant, remain largely unknown. Here, we employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), transcriptomics, and histone modification data to compare fetal and adult stages of bovine rumen with other tissues, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) approximating pre-implantation embryos. We found extensive methylation differences, including CG methylation (mCG) and non-CG methylation (mCH; H represents A, C and T) between the rumen at fetal and adult stages and other tissues and PSCs. These differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are closely associated with other epigenetic regulatory components, such as transcription factors (TFs) and histone modifications. These DMRs can also combine to form large hypo CG-DMRs to regulate a cluster of functionally related genes. We elucidated the reasons for morphological and functional differences between fetal and adult rumen at the epigenetic level and the interactions between epigenetic modifications and gene expression. This study highlights the differences in methylation patterns between the rumen and other tissues during development and the role of DNA methylation in controlling gene expression and establishing tissue-specific functions.
Project description:While DNA methylation in other tissues can be approximated through model species, the dynamic distribution and regulatory significance of DNA methylation in the rumen, a unique organ in ruminant, remain largely unknown. Here, we employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), transcriptomics, and histone modification data to compare fetal and adult stages of bovine rumen with other tissues, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) approximating pre-implantation embryos. We found extensive methylation differences, including CG methylation (mCG) and non-CG methylation (mCH; H represents A, C and T) between the rumen at fetal and adult stages and other tissues and PSCs. These differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are closely associated with other epigenetic regulatory components, such as transcription factors (TFs) and histone modifications. These DMRs can also combine to form large hypo CG-DMRs to regulate a cluster of functionally related genes. We elucidated the reasons for morphological and functional differences between fetal and adult rumen at the epigenetic level and the interactions between epigenetic modifications and gene expression. This study highlights the differences in methylation patterns between the rumen and other tissues during development and the role of DNA methylation in controlling gene expression and establishing tissue-specific functions.
Project description:While DNA methylation in other tissues can be approximated through model species, the dynamic distribution and regulatory significance of DNA methylation in the rumen, a unique organ in ruminant, remain largely unknown. Here, we employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), transcriptomics, and histone modification data to compare fetal and adult stages of bovine rumen with other tissues, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) approximating pre-implantation embryos. We found extensive methylation differences, including CG methylation (mCG) and non-CG methylation (mCH; H represents A, C and T) between the rumen at fetal and adult stages and other tissues and PSCs. These differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are closely associated with other epigenetic regulatory components, such as transcription factors (TFs) and histone modifications. These DMRs can also combine to form large hypo CG-DMRs to regulate a cluster of functionally related genes. We elucidated the reasons for morphological and functional differences between fetal and adult rumen at the epigenetic level and the interactions between epigenetic modifications and gene expression. This study highlights the differences in methylation patterns between the rumen and other tissues during development and the role of DNA methylation in controlling gene expression and establishing tissue-specific functions.
Project description:We report the distribution of histone H3K4me1 and H3K27ac within the genome of mouse embryonic midbrain. We prepared the chromatin from 11 dpc embryonic midbrain and made chromatin precipitation with antibody against H3K4me1 and H3K27ac (rabbit polyclonal antibody). High-throughput sequencing applied for the ChIP analysis revealed the differential distribution of modified histone within developing midbrain. ChIP analysis of mouse 11 dpc embryonic midbrain and forelimb buds against anti-H3K4me1 and H3K27ac antibody.