Project description:We present metaproteome data from maize rhizosphere from sodic soil. Isolation of proteome from maize rhizosphere collected from Experimental Farm, ICAR-IISS, Mau, India was done with the standardized protocol at our laboratory and metaproteome analysis was done with the standardized pipepline. In total 696 proteins with different functions representing 245 genus and 395 species were identified. The proteome data provides direct evidence on the biological processes in soil ecosystem and is the first reported reference data from maize rhizosphere.
Project description:Background: Farm exposures in early life reduce the risks for childhood allergic diseases and asthma. There is less information about how farm exposures relate to respiratory illnesses and mucosal immune development. Objective: We hypothesized that children raised in farm environments have a lower incidence of viral illnesses over the first two years of life than non-farm children. We also analyzed between farm exposures or respiratory illnesses were related to patterns of nasal cell gene expression. Methods: The Wisconsin Infant Study Cohort (WISC) birth cohort enrolled farm and non-farm pregnant women from central Wisconsin. Parents reported prenatal farm and other environmental exposures. Illness frequency and severity were assessed using illness diaries and periodic surveys. Nasopharyngeal cell gene expression at age two years was compared to farm exposure and respiratory illness history. Results: There was a higher rate of respiratory illnesses in the non-farm vs. farm group (rate ratio 0.82 [0.69,0.97], p=0.020), but no significant differences in wheezing illnesses. There was a stepwise reduction in rates of respiratory illnesses in children exposed at least weekly to 0, 1, or ≥2 animals (p=0.006). In analyzing nasal cell gene expression, farm exposures and preceding respiratory illnesses were positively related to gene signatures for mononuclear cells and innate and antimicrobial responses. Conclusions: Children exposed to farms and farm animals had lower rates of respiratory illnesses over the first two years of life. Both farm exposures and preceding respiratory illnesses were associated with increased innate immune responses, suggesting that these exposures stimulate mucosal immune responses to reduce subsequent illness frequency.
Project description:Fire disturbances are becoming more common, more intense, and further-reaching across the globe, with consequences for ecosystem functioning. Importantly, fire can have strong effects on the soil microbiome, including community and functional changes after fire, but surprisingly little is known regarding the role of soil fire legacy in shaping responses to recent fire. To address this gap, we conducted a manipulative field experiment administering fire across 32 soils with varying fire legacies, including combinations of 1-7 historic fires and 1-33 years since most recent fire. We analyzed soil metatranscriptomes, determining for the first time how fire and fire legacy interactively affect metabolically-active soil taxa, the microbial regulation of important carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling, expression of carbohydrate-cycling enzyme pathways, and functional gene co-expression networks. Experimental fire strongly downregulated fungal activity while upregulating many bacterial and archaeal phyla. Further, fire decreased soil capacity for microbial C and N cycling and P transport, and drastically rewired functional gene co-expression. Perhaps most importantly, we highlight a novel role of soil fire legacy in regulation of microbial C, N, and P responses to recent fire. We observed a greater number of functional genes responsive to the interactive effects of fire and fire legacy than those affected solely by recent fire, indicating that many functional genes respond to fire only under certain fire legacy contexts. Therefore, without incorporating fire legacy of soils, studies will miss important ways that fire shapes microbial roles in ecosystem functioning. Finally, we showed that fire caused significant downregulation of carbon metabolism and nutrient cycling genes in microbiomes under abnormal soil fire histories, producing a novel warning for the future: human manipulation of fire legacies, either indirectly through global change-induced fire intensification or directly through fire suppression, can negatively impact soil microbiome functional responses to new fires.
Project description:Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), knows as common plant hormone, is one of the most distributed indole derivatives in the environment. A novel strain, which was able to use IAA as sole source of carbon and nitrogen, was isolated from farm soil, identified and classified as Pseudomonas composti LY1 based on 16S rRNA sequence and genome analysis. The optimal growth conditions for LY1 with IAA are characterized. Proteome profile of strain LY1 to IAA and citrate were analyzed and compared using label free strategy with LC-MS/MS.