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Neurotensin regulates proliferation and stem cell function in the small intestine in a nutrient-dependent manner

ABSTRACT: Neurotensin regulates proliferation and stem cell function in the small intestine in a nutrient-dependent manner

PROVIDER: PRJNA758022 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR15619232.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15619233.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15619234.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15619235.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15619236.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Neurotensin regulates proliferation and stem cell function in the small intestine in a nutrient-dependent manner

Project description:Background & Aims: Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are sensitive to dietary alterations and nutrient availability. Neurotensin (NT), a gut peptide localized predominantly to the small bowel and released by fat ingestion, stimulates the growth of intestinal mucosa under basal conditions and during periods of nutrient deprivation, suggesting a possible role for NT on ISC function. Methods: Lgr5-EGFP, NT wild type (Nt+/+) and Lgr5-EGFP, NT knockout (Nt-/-) mice were fed ad libitum (AL) or fasted for 48 h. Small intestine crypts were examined by RNAseq analysis. Results: Loss of NT impaired crypt cell proliferation and ISC function in a manner dependent on nutrient status. Under nutrient-rich conditions, NT stimulated the expression of genes that promote cell cycle progression, leading to crypt cell proliferation. Under conditions of nutrient depletion, NT stimulated WNT/β-catenin signaling and promoted an ISC gene signature, leading to enhanced ISC function. NT was required for the induction of WNT/β-catenin signaling and ISC-specific gene expression during nutrient depletion, and loss of NT reduced crypt cell proliferation and impaired ISC function and Lgr5 expression in the intestine during fasting. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings establish an evolutionarily conserved role for NT in ISC maintenance during nutritional stress.

2021-09-29 | GSE182828 | GEO

The effect of nutrient deprivation on early life small intestine mucosal microbiome and host proteome

Project description:Nutrition has a vital role in shaping the intestinal microbiome. The impact of nutrients and the consequences of enteral deprivation on the small intestinal mucosal microbiota, specifically in early life, has not been well described. Our aim was to study the impact of enteral deprivation on the small intestine mucosal microbiome and to search for factors that shape this interaction in early life. Host seem to be the most dominant factor in the structure of the early life mucosal microbial small intestine community. Under conditions of nutrient deprivation, there are specific changes in host proteomics. Further research is needed to better define and understand this host-microbe-nutrition interaction in the small intestine.

2024-07-16 | PXD044961 | Pride

Neurotensin Regulates Proliferation and Stem Cell Function in the Small Intestine in a Nutrient-Dependent Manner.

Project description:Background & aimsIntestinal stem cells (ISCs) are sensitive to dietary alterations and nutrient availability. Neurotensin (NT), a gut peptide localized predominantly to the small bowel and released by fat ingestion, stimulates the growth of intestinal mucosa under basal conditions and during periods of nutrient deprivation, suggesting a possible role for NT on ISC function.MethodsLeucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5-Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (Lgr5-EGFP) NT wild type (Nt+/+) and Lgr5-EGFP NT knockout (Nt-/-) mice were fed ad libitum or fasted for 48 hours. Small intestine tissue and crypts were examined by gene expression analyses, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and crypt-derived organoid culture. Drosophila expressing NT in midgut enteroendocrine cells were fed a standard diet or low-energy diet and esg-green fluorescent protein+ ISCs were quantified via immunofluorescence.ResultsLoss of NT impaired crypt cell proliferation and ISC function in a manner dependent on nutrient status. Under nutrient-rich conditions, NT stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 signaling and the expression of genes that promote cell-cycle progression, leading to crypt cell proliferation. Under conditions of nutrient depletion, NT stimulated WNT/β-catenin signaling and promoted an ISC gene signature, leading to enhanced ISC function. NT was required for the induction of WNT/β-catenin signaling and ISC-specific gene expression during nutrient depletion, and loss of NT reduced crypt cell proliferation and impaired ISC function and Lgr5 expression in the intestine during fasting. Conversely, the expression of NT in midgut enteroendocrine cells of Drosophila prevented loss of ISCs during nutrient depletion.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings establish an evolutionarily conserved role for NT in ISC maintenance during nutritional stress. GSE182828.

| S-EPMC8688554 | biostudies-literature

Nutrient-derived signals regulate eosinophil adaptation to the small intestine

Project description:Nutrient-derived signals regulate eosinophil adaptation to the small intestine

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Nutrient-derived signals regulate eosinophil adaptation to the small intestine

Project description:Eosinophils are commonly regarded as effector cells of type 2 immunity, yet they also accumulate in certain tissues during homeostasis - particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. Our understanding of the processes that govern homeostatic eosinophil accumulation and tissue-specific adaptation, and their functional significance, remains very limited. Here, we investigated how eosinophils adapt to the small intestine microenvironment and the local signals that regulate this process. We observed that eosinophils gradually migrate up the crypt-villus axis, giving rise to a villus-resident subpopulation with a distinct transcriptional signature. Genetic deficiency of eosinophils resulted in a reduction of villus area, as well as a reduction of multiple other immune cell populations, demonstrating their diverse functions in this environment. We determined that retinoic acid receptor signaling is specifically required for the maintenance of villus-resident eosinophils, while IL-5 is largely dispensable outside of its canonical role in eosinophil production. In addition, we unexpectedly found that high protein diet suppresses the accumulation of villus-resident eosinophils. Purified amino acids were sufficient for this effect, which was a consequence of accelerated eosinophil turnover within the tissue microenvironment and not due to altered development in the bone marrow. Our study provides new insight into the process of eosinophil adaptation to the small intestine and its dependence on nutrient-derived signals.

2024-01-16 | GSE236132 | GEO

Regionally defined stem cell growth directs cell fate during intestinal nutrient adaptation

Project description:The adult intestine is a regionalized organ, whose size and cellular composition is adjusted in response to nutrient status. This involves dynamic regulation of intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and differentiation. How nutrient signaling integrates with mechanisms controlling cell fate to achieve regional changes in intestinal cell composition remains unclear. Here we show that nutrient adaptation involves highly region-specific control of intestinal cell size, number and differentiation. Our data uncovered a mechanism by which mTOR complex 1 activation increases ISC size in a region-specific manner. This promotes Delta expression to direct cell fate towards the absorptive enteroblast lineage, while inhibiting secretory enteroendocrine cell differentiation. Thus, ISC size acts as an early fate determinant allowing regional control of intestinal cell differentiation in response to nutrition.

2024-02-14 | GSE222254 | GEO

Epithelial zonation along the mammalian small intestine defines five discrete metabolic domains [Human_scRNA-seq]

Project description:Longitudinal zonation of epithelial cells across the mammalian small intestine defines five domains of nutrient absorption.

2023-11-28 | GSE201857 | GEO

Epithelial zonation along the mammalian small intestine defines five discrete metabolic domains [Mouse_scRNA-seq]

Project description:Longitudinal zonation of epithelial cells across the mammalian small intestine defines five domains of nutrient absorption.

2023-11-28 | GSE201855 | GEO

Epithelial zonation along the mammalian small intestine defines five discrete metabolic domains [Human_scRNA-seq II]

Project description:Longitudinal zonation of epithelial cells across the mammalian small intestine defines five domains of nutrient absorption.

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Epithelial zonation along the mammalian small intestine defines five discrete metabolic domains [Mouse_scRNA-seq II]

Project description:Longitudinal zonation of epithelial cells across the mammalian small intestine defines five domains of nutrient absorption.