Project description:Chronic acid suppression by proton pump inhibitor (PPI) has been hypothesized to alter the gut microbiota via a change in intestinal pH. To evaluate the changes in gut microbiota composition by long-term PPI treatment. Twenty-four week old F344 rats were fed with (n = 5) or without (n = 6) lansoprazole (PPI) for 50 weeks. Then, profiles of luminal microbiota in the terminal ileum were analyzed. Pyrosequencing for 16S rRNA gene was performed by genome sequencer FLX (454 Life Sciences/Roche) and analyzed by metagenomic bioinformatics.
Project description:In this study we developed metaproteomics based methods for quantifying taxonomic composition of microbiomes (microbial communities). We also compared metaproteomics based quantification to other quantification methods, namely metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The metagenomic and 16S rRNA data can be found in the European Nucleotide Archive (Study number: PRJEB19901). For the method development and comparison of the methods we analyzed three types of mock communities with all three methods. The communities contain between 28 to 32 species and strains of bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes and bacteriophage. For each community type 4 biological replicate communities were generated. All four replicates were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and metaproteomics. Three replicates of each community type were analyzed with metagenomics. The "C" type communities have same cell/phage particle number for all community members (C1 to C4). The "P" type communities have the same protein content for all community members (P1 to P4). The "U" (UNEVEN) type communities cover a large range of protein amounts and cell numbers (U1 to U4). We also generated proteomic data for four pure cultures to test the specificity of the protein inference method. This data is also included in this submission.
Project description:Interventions: Case (colorectal cancer) group:a newly diagnosed colorectal cancer( CRC ) by colonoscopy and pathology;Control group:Clinically healthy volunteers with no symptoms or history of intestinal disease(e.g. colonic adenomatous polyps, CRC or inflammatory bowel disease)
Primary outcome(s): composition of gut microbiota;intestinal microbial phytase activity;16s rRNA metagenomic sequencing;diet surveys;phytic acid intake
Study Design: Case-Control study
Project description:Gut microbiota were assessed in 540 colonoscopy-screened adults by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of stool samples. Investigators compared gut microbiota diversity, overall composition, and normalized taxon abundance among these groups.
Project description:The impact of mono-chronic S. stercoralis infection on the gut microbiome and microbial activities in infected participants was explored. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing of a longitudinal study with 2 sets of human fecal was investigated. Set A, 42 samples were matched, and divided equally into positive (Pos) and negative (Neg) for S. stercoralis diagnoses. Set B, 20 samples of the same participant in before (Ss+PreT) and after (Ss+PostT) treatment was subjected for 16S rRNA sequences and LC-MS/MS to explore the effect of anti-helminthic treatment on microbiome proteomes.
Project description:Primary outcome(s): 1. Evaluation of genome abnormality and gene expression by omics analysis of tumor etc. 2. TCR repertoire analysis and RNA expression analysis etc. of T cells in tumor tissue and peripheral blood. 3. Prediction and identification of tumor neo-antigen and evaluation of immunogenicity etc. 4. Analyze ctDNA(16S rRNA PCR) and feces of patients with advanced solid malignancies over time to profile and monitor cancer-related genomic alterations 5. Assessment of the relationship between the analysis above and clinical pathological features or therapeutic efficacy etc.
Project description:Mitochondrial rRNAs play important roles in regulating mtDNA-encoded gene expression and energy metabolism subsequently. However, the proteins that regulate mitochondrial 16S rRNA processing remain poorly understood. Herein, we generated adipose-specific Wbscr16-/- mice and cells, both of which exhibited dramatic mitochondrial changes. Subsequently, WBSCR16 was identified as a 16S rRNA-binding protein essential for the cleavage of 16S rRNA-mt-tRNALeu, facilitating 16S rRNA processing and mitochondrial ribosome assembly. Additionally, WBSCR16 recruited RNase P subunit MRPP3 to nascent 16S rRNA and assisted in this specific cleavage. Furthermore, evidence showed that adipose-specific Wbscr16 ablation promotes energy wasting via lipid preference in brown adipose tissue, leading to excess energy expenditure and resistance to obesity. In contrast, overexpression of WBSCR16 upregulated 16S rRNA processing and induced a preference for glucose utilization in both transgenic mouse models and cultured cells. These findings suggest that WBSCR16 plays essential roles in mitochondrial 16S rRNA processing in mammals, and is the key mitochondrial protein to balance glucose and lipid metabolism.
