Project description:modENCODE_submission_3157 This submission comes from a modENCODE project of Michael Snyder. For full list of modENCODE projects, see http://www.genome.gov/26524648 Project Goal: We are identifying the DNA binding sites for 300 transcription factors in C. elegans. Each transcription factor gene is tagged with the same GFP fusion protein, permitting validation of the gene's correct spatio-temporal expression pattern in transgenic animals. Chromatin immunoprecipitation on each strain is peformed using an anti-GFP antibody, and any bound DNA is deep-sequenced using Solexa GA2 technology. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf EXPERIMENT TYPE: CHIP-seq. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: Strain: OP87 (official name : OP87 genotype : unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs87 [unc-119(+) pes-1::TY1::EGFP::3xFLAG] outcross : 3 mutagen : Bombard tags : GFP::3xFlag description : This strain's transgene was constructed by Mihail Sarov at the Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology in Tubiginen using Tony Hyman's recombineering pipeline. The resulting plasmid was used for biolistic transformation of an unc-119(ed3) strain. The PES-1::EGFP fusion protein is expressed in the correct pes-1 spatio-temporal expression pattern. This strain was used for ChIP-seq experiments to map the in vivo binding sites for the PES-1 transcription factor. made_by : R. Waterston ); Developmental Stage: L4; Genotype: unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs87 [unc-119(+) pes-1::TY1::EGFP::3xFLAG]; Sex: Hermaphrodite; EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS: Developmental Stage L4; Target gene pes-1; Strain OP87 (official name : OP87 genotype : unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs87 [unc-119(+) pes-1::TY1::EGFP::3xFLAG] outcross : 3 mutagen : Bombard tags : GFP::3xFlag description : This strain's transgene was constructed by Mihail Sarov at the Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology in Tubiginen using Tony Hyman's recombineering pipeline. The resulting plasmid was used for biolistic transformation of an unc-119(ed3) strain. The PES-1::EGFP fusion protein is expressed in the correct pes-1 spatio-temporal expression pattern. This strain was used for ChIP-seq experiments to map the in vivo binding sites for the PES-1 transcription factor. made_by : R. Waterston ); temp (temperature) 20 degree celsius
Project description:Transcriptional and phenotypic robustness during development is believed to require complex regulatory landscapes whereby multiple enhancers redundantly control the expression of major cell identity genes. In contrast, we previously described a limited and genetically distinct set of distal regulatory elements, known as poised enhancers (PEs), that control the induction of genes involved in early brain development in a hierarchical and non-redundant manner. Before becoming activated in neural progenitors, PEs are already bookmarked in pluripotent cells with unique chromatin and topological features that could contribute to their privileged regulatory properties. However, since PEs were originally identified and subsequently characterized using embryonic stem cells (ESC) as in an in vitro differentiation system, it is currently unknown whether PEs are functionally conserved in vivo. Here, we generate and mine various types of genomic data to conclusively show that the epigenetic and 3D structural features of PEs are conserved among pluripotent cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, by genetically disrupting evolutionary conserved PEs in mouse and chicken embryos, we demonstrate that these regulatory elements play essential and non-redundant roles during the induction of major anterior neural genes in vivo.
Project description:Transcriptional and phenotypic robustness during development is believed to require complex regulatory landscapes whereby multiple enhancers redundantly control the expression of major cell identity genes. In contrast, we previously described a limited and genetically distinct set of distal regulatory elements, known as poised enhancers (PEs), that control the induction of genes involved in early brain development in a hierarchical and non-redundant manner. Before becoming activated in neural progenitors, PEs are already bookmarked in pluripotent cells with unique chromatin and topological features that could contribute to their privileged regulatory properties. However, since PEs were originally identified and subsequently characterized using embryonic stem cells (ESC) as in an in vitro differentiation system, it is currently unknown whether PEs are functionally conserved in vivo. Here, we generate and mine various types of genomic data to conclusively show that the epigenetic and 3D structural features of PEs are conserved among pluripotent cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, by genetically disrupting evolutionary conserved PEs in mouse and chicken embryos, we demonstrate that these regulatory elements play essential and non-redundant roles during the induction of major anterior neural genes in vivo.
Project description:Transcriptional and phenotypic robustness during development is believed to require complex regulatory landscapes whereby multiple enhancers redundantly control the expression of major cell identity genes. In contrast, we previously described a limited and genetically distinct set of distal regulatory elements, known as poised enhancers (PEs), that control the induction of genes involved in early brain development in a hierarchical and non-redundant manner. Before becoming activated in neural progenitors, PEs are already bookmarked in pluripotent cells with unique chromatin and topological features that could contribute to their privileged regulatory properties. However, since PEs were originally identified and subsequently characterized using embryonic stem cells (ESC) as in an in vitro differentiation system, it is currently unknown whether PEs are functionally conserved in vivo. Here, we generate and mine various types of genomic data to conclusively show that the epigenetic and 3D structural features of PEs are conserved among pluripotent cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, by genetically disrupting evolutionary conserved PEs in mouse and chicken embryos, we demonstrate that these regulatory elements play essential and non-redundant roles during the induction of major anterior neural genes in vivo.