Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA854687 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Alterations in intestinal microbiota and intestinal short chain fatty acids profiles have been associated with the pathophysiology of obesity and insulin resistance. Whether intestinal microbiota dysbiosis is a causative factor in humans remains to be clarified We examined the effect of fecal microbial infusion from lean donors on the intestinal microbiota composition, glucose metabolism and small intestinal gene expression. Male subjects with metabolic syndrome underwent bowel lavage and were randomised to allogenic (from male lean donors with BMI<23 kg/m2, n=9) or autologous (reinfusion of own feces, n=9) fecal microbial transplant. Insulin sensitivity and fecal short chain fatty acid harvest were measured at baseline and 6 weeks after infusion. Intestinal microbiota composition was determined in fecal samples and jejunal mucosal biopsies were also analyzed for the host transcriptional response. Insulin sensitivity significantly improved six weeks after allogenic fecal microbial infusion (median Rd: from 26.2 to 45.3 μmol/kg.min, p<0.05). Allogenic fecal microbial infusion increased the overall amount of intestinal butyrate producing microbiota and enhanced fecal harvest of butyrate. Moreover, the transcriptome analysis of jejunal mucosal samples revealed an increased expression of genes involved in a G-protein receptor signalling cascade and subsequently in glucose homeostasis. Lean donor microbial infusion improves insulin sensitivity and levels of butyrate-producing and other intestinal microbiota in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. We propose a model wherein these bacteria provide an attractive therapeutic target for insulin resistance in humans. (Netherlands Trial Register NTR1776).
2020-10-28 | GSE30854 | GEO
Project description:Nutrition has a vital role in shaping the intestinal microbiome. The impact of nutrients and the consequences of enteral deprivation on the small intestinal mucosal microbiota, specifically in early life, has not been well described. Our aim was to study the impact of enteral deprivation on the small intestine mucosal microbiome and to search for factors that shape this interaction in early life. Host seem to be the most dominant factor in the structure of the early life mucosal microbial small intestine community. Under conditions of nutrient deprivation, there are specific changes in host proteomics. Further research is needed to better define and understand this host-microbe-nutrition interaction in the small intestine.
2024-07-16 | PXD044961 | Pride
Project description:Commensal microbiota contribute to gut homeostasis and influence mucosal gene expression. We harvested mucosal lining of middle and distal part of the small intestine and colon from germ-free (GF) and gnotobiotic mice monocolonized either with the E.coli strain O6K13 (O) or Nissle 1917 strain (N). The expression profiles of the mucosa samples were compared to the corresponding tissue isolated from conventionally reared mice in order to disclose genes differentially expressed in response to the change in the intestinal microflora composition.
2019-09-13 | E-MTAB-7726 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The mammalian gut is inhabited by a large and complex microbial community that lives in a mutualistic relationship with its host. Innate and adaptive mucosal defense mechanisms ensure a homeostatic relationship with this commensal microbiota. Secretory antibodies are generated from the active polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR)-mediated transport of IgA and IgM antibodies to the gut lumen and form the first line of adaptive immune defense of the intestinal mucosa. We probed mucosal homeostasis in pIgR knockout (KO) mice, which lack secretory antibodies. We found that in pIgR KO mice, colonic epithelial cells, the cell type most closely in contact with intestinal microbes, differentially expressed (>2-fold change) more than 200 genes compared with wild type mice, and upregulated the expression of anti-microbial peptides in a commensal-dependent manner. Detailed profiling of microbial communities based on 16S rRNA genes revealed differences in the commensal microbiota between pIgR KO and wild type mice. Furthermore, we found that pIgR KO mice showed increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and that this was driven by their conventional intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, secretory antibodies or the pIgR itself are required to maintain a stable commensal microbiota. In the absence of these humoral effector components, gut homeostasis is disturbed and the outcome of colitis significantly worsened. 4 groups: wild type mice treated with antibiotic (5 replicates), wild type mice left untreated (5 replicates), pIgR KO mice treated with antibiotic (6 replicates), and pIgR KO mice left untreated (6 replicates).
2013-12-28 | E-GEOD-34630 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The intestinal microbiota fundamentally influences the development of a normal intestinal physiology and education and functioning of the mucosal immune system. The goal of this study is to analyze how the transcriptional profile of the murine colon can be influence by colonization of gnotobiotic mice with specific bacterial strains .
2021-08-09 | GSE181502 | GEO
Project description:Obesity is a chronic, complex and multifactorial disease that has reached pandemia levels and is becoming a serious health problem. Intestinal microbiota is considered a main factor that affects body weight and fat mass, which points toward a critical role in the development of obesity. In this sense, probiotic bacteria might modulate the intestinal microbiota and the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus and B. breve feeding on the intestinal mucosa gene expression in a genetic animal model of obesity. We used microarrays to investigate the global gene expression on intestinal mucosa after the treatment with probiotic strains.
2016-12-25 | GSE73848 | GEO