Project description:Sulphur is used as a food preservative, especially throughout the table grape and wine industries, <br>however there is increasing concern as to the health rises associated with human consumption. <br>Thus, we investigated the transcript abundance changes in grapes treated with sulfur dioxide and <br>other preservative compounds, compared to control treatments. Export quality, red-skinned M-^QCrimson<br> SeedlessM-^R grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) were harvested at commercial maturity from one vineyard <br>in the Swan Valley region of Western Australia. At least 15 kg grapes per treatment were <br>completely immersed in the treatment solution (? 1 min) and allowed to dry on racks before <br>being weighed in to 7 x 2 kg lined export cartons, without sulphur pads. Once packed, cartons <br>were immediately placed in 2 M-0C storage for up to 56 days and once cool, commercial <br>SO2-generating pads were placed into cartons for SO2 treatment. The salicylic acid (SA,<br> 25 mM), methyl jasmonate (MJ, 5mM) and their combination (25 mM SA + 5 mM MJ) were <br>dissolved in 0.5 % (v/v) dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). A 0.5 % solution of DMSO was used<br> as a control treatment. An additional, untreated control for sulphur-treated berries was used.<br>Microarrays were performed in duplicate for the 6 treatments, Sulfur dioxide (plus untreated <br>control), SA, MJ, and the combined SAMJ treatment (plus DMSO control) on grape berries <br>after 21 days of treatment post harvest. The results indcate a large scale re-programing of <br>the grape berry transcritpome, similar to that which has been observed for prolonged <br>exposure to harsh oxidative stress conditions.
Project description:BR-body mutant strains were globally profiled for mRNA half-lives using rifampicin treatment followed by RNA-seq. JS38 (wild type) was compared to JS221 (lacking the intrinsically disordered CTD and unable to form BR-bodies), JS233 (unable to recruit degradosome components into BR-bodies), and JS299 (active site mutant of RNase E).
Project description:Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) fruit development is a complex and genetically programmed process, a comparative study of transcriptome and proteome changes during two varieties of pepper development(IMG, MG, Br and MR) has been carried out by using RNA-Seq and Lable-free quantitation technology.
Project description:Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of class of phytohormones with important roles in regulating physiological and developmental processes. Small RNAs, including small interfering RNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs), are non-protein coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. However, the roles of small RNAs in BR response have not been studied well. In this study, we aimed to identify BR-responsive small RNA clusters and miRNAs in Arabidopsis. In addition, the effect of BR-responsive small RNAs on their transcripts and target genes were examined. Small RNA libraries were constructed from control and epibrassinolide-treated seedlings. After sequencing the small RNA libraries, differentially expressed small RNA clusters were identified by examining the expression levels of small RNAs in 100-nt bins of Arabidopsis genome. To identify the BR-responsive miRNAs, the expression levels of all the annotated mature miRNAs, registered in miRBase, were analyzed. Previously published RNA-seq data were utilized to monitor the BR-responsive expression patterns of differentially expressed small RNA clusters and miRNA target genes. In results, 38 BR-responsive small RNA clusters, including 30 down-regulated and eight up-regulated clusters, were identified. These differentially expressed small RNA clusters were from miRNA loci, transposons, protein-coding genes, pseudo genes and others. Of these, a transgene, BRI1, accumulates small RNAs, which are not found in the wild type. Small RNAs in this transgene are up-regulated by BRs while BRI1 mRNA is down-regulated by BRs. By analyzing the expression patterns of mature miRNAs, we have identified BR-repressed miR398a-5p and BR-induced miR156g. Although miR398a-5p is down-regulated by BRs, its predicted targets were not responsive to BRs. However, SPL3, a target of BR-inducible miR156g, is down-regulated by BRs. BR-responsive small RNAs and miRNAs identified in this study will provide an insight into the role of small RNAs in BR responses in plants. Especially, we suggest that miR156g/SPL3 module might play a role in BR-mediated growth and development in Arabidopsis.
Project description:Table grapes cv. Cardinal are highly perishable and their quality deteriorates during postharvest storage at low temperature mainly because of sensitivity to fungal decay and senescence of rachis. The application of a 3-day CO2 treatment with 20 kPa CO2 at 0C reduced total decay and retained fruit quality in early and late-harvested table grapes during postharvest storage. In order to study the transcriptional responsiveness of table grapes to low temperature and high CO2 levels in the first stage of storage and how the maturity stage affect these changes, we have performed a comparative large-scale transcriptional analysis. In the first stage of storage, low temperature led to a significantly intense change in grape skin transcriptome irrespective of fruit maturity, although there were different changes within each stage. In the case of CO2 treated samples, in comparison to fruit at time zero, only slight differences were observed. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that major modifications in the transcriptome profile of early- and late-harvested grapes stored at 0C are linked to biotic and abiotic stress-responsive terms. However, in both cases there is a specific reprogramming of the transcriptome during the first stage of storage at 0C in order to withstand the cold stress. Thus, genes involved in gluconeogenesis, photosynthesis, mRNA translation and lipid transport were up-regulated in the case of early-harvested grapes, and genes related to protein folding stability and intracellular membrane trafficking in late-harvested grapes. The beneficial effect of high CO2 treatment maintaining table grape quality seems to be an active process requiring the induction of several transcription factors and kinases in early-harvested grapes, and the activation of processes associated to the maintenance of energy in late-harvested grapes. Table grapes harvested at two maturity stages (early and late). 3 biological replicates. Early-harvested (MI:12.45) : Time zero, 3 days air 0C, 3 days high CO2 levels 0C. Late-harvested (MI: 41.08): Time zero, 3 days air 0C, 3 days high CO2 levels 0C.