Project description:Wheat yield is correlated significantly with grain size which is established during morphological stage. In present study, morphological stage of developing wheat grain were analyzed by RNA-seq.This research will help us to understand the mechnism underlying of grain development. This is the first study on gene expression profiling of morphological stage of developing wheat grain and the results may aid the identification of pathways and genes associated with seed development in wheat.
Project description:Purple-grain wheat are caused by anthocyanin accumulation in the seed coat. But little is known about molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis. The anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation were affected by light in purple-grain wheat. The spikes of purple-grain wheat Luozhen No.1 were bagged with four-layer Kraft paper bags after pollination. To identify genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis, we sequenced four pericarp cDNA libraries, D15 (15 DAP), D20 (20 DAP) of shading treatment, and L15 (15 DAP), L20 (20 DAP) of untreated control using an Illumina HiSeqTM 2000. After quality control, raw reads are filtered into clean reads which will be aligned to the reference sequences. The alignment data is utilized to calculate distribution of reads on reference genes and mapping ratio, and proceed with downstream analysis including gene and isoform expression, deep analysis based on gene expression (PCA/correlation/screening differentially expressed genes and so on),exon expression, gene structure refinement, alternative splicing, novel transcript prediction and annotation, SNP detection, Indel detection. Further, we also perform deep analysis based on different expression genes, including Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Pathway enrichment analysis, cluster analysis, and finding transcriptor factor.
Project description:Regulation of grain size is a crucial strategy for improving crop yield and is also a fundamental aspect of developmental biology. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms governing grain development in wheat remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a wheat atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, TabHLH489, which is tightly associated with grain length through genome-wide association study and map-based cloning. Knockout of TabHLH489 and its homologous genes resulted in increased grain length and weight, whereas overexpression led to decreased grain length and weight. TaSnRK1α1, the α-catalytic subunit of plant energy sensor SnRK1, interacted with and phosphorylated TabHLH489 to induce its degradation, thereby promoting wheat grain development. Sugar treatment induced TaSnRK1α1 protein accumulation while reducing TabHLH489 protein levels. Moreover, brassinosteroid (BR) promotes grain development by decreasing TabHLH489 expression through the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1). Importantly, natural variations in the promoter region of TabHLH489 affect the TaBZR1 binding ability, thereby influencing TabHLH489 expression. Taken together, our findings reveal that the TaSnRK1α1-TabHLH489 regulatory module integrates BR and sugar signaling to regulate grain length, presenting potential targets for enhancing grain size in wheat.
Project description:Development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain mainly depends on the processes of starch synthesis and storage protein accumulation, which are critical for grain yield and quality. However, the regulatory network underlying the transcriptional and physiological changes of grain development is still not clear. Here, we combined ATAC-seq and RNA-seq to discover the chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics during these processes. We found that the chromatin accessibility changes are tightly associated with differential expressions and the proportion of distal ACRs were increased gradually during grain development. Specific transcription factor (TF) binding sites were enriched at different stages, and were diversified among the 3 subgenomes. We further predicted the potential interactions between key TFs and genes related with starch and storage protein biosynthesis and found different copies of some key TFs played diversified roles. Overall, our findings have provided numerous resources and illustrated the regulatory network during wheat grain development, which would shed lights on the improvement of wheat yields and qualities.
Project description:Development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain mainly depends on the processes of starch synthesis and storage protein accumulation, which are critical for grain yield and quality. However, the regulatory network underlying the transcriptional and physiological changes of grain development is still not clear. Here, we combined ATAC-seq and RNA-seq to discover the chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics during these processes. We found that the chromatin accessibility changes are tightly associated with differential expressions and the proportion of distal ACRs were increased gradually during grain development. Specific transcription factor (TF) binding sites were enriched at different stages, and were diversified among the 3 subgenomes. We further predicted the potential interactions between key TFs and genes related with starch and storage protein biosynthesis and found different copies of some key TFs played diversified roles. Overall, our findings have provided numerous resources and illustrated the regulatory network during wheat grain development, which would shed lights on the improvement of wheat yields and qualities.
Project description:Allohexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) provides ~ 20% of calories consumed by humans. Hitherto lack of genome sequence for the three homoelogous and highly similar bread wheat genomes (A, B and, D) impeded expression analysis of the grain transcriptome. We used novel genome information to analyze the cell type specific expression of homeologous genes in the developing wheat grain.
Project description:In this study, two cDNA libraries for the developing grain and leaf-stem components of common wheat cultivar Nongda211 were constructed. We plan to study the genes which are differentially expressed in the grain.
Project description:When GPC transcription factor in hexaploid wheat is down-regulated by stable RNA interference (GPC RNAi), senescence is significantly delayed and grain protein content together with the overall nutrient partitioning to the grain is greatly reduced. mRNA-seq was used to catalogue the genes that are regulated by the GPC transcription factor during monocarpic senescence. cDNA was prepared from wild type bread wheat plants and GPC RNAi plants 12 days after anthesis and sequenced by Illumina. Four biological replications per genotypes were sequenced. To determine gene expression levels, reads were aligned to a reference transcriptome generated by assemblying 454-reads obtained from the same biological material (454 assembled sequences: TSA project 59945 - accession numbers: HP608076-HP639668).
