The TET-Sall4-BMP regulatory axis controls craniofacial cartilage development
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA939357 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital defect that usually results from aberrant development of embryonic pharyngeal arches. However, the molecular basis of CFM pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here, we employ the zebrafish model to investigate mechanisms of CFM pathogenesis. In early embryos, tet2 and tet3 are essential for pharyngeal cartilage development. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that loss of Tet2/3 impairs chondrocyte differentiation due to insufficient BMP signaling. Moreover, biochemical and genetic evidence reveals that the sequence-specific 5mC/5hmC-binding protein, Sall4, binds the promoter of bmp4 to activate bmp4 expression and control pharyngeal cartilage development. Mechanistically, Sall4 directs co-phase separation of Tet2/3 with Sall4 to form condensates that mediate 5mC oxidation on the bmp4 promoter, thereby promoting bmp4 expression and enabling sufficient BMP signaling. These findings suggest the TET-BMP-Sall4 regulatory axis is critical for pharyngeal cartilage development. Collectively, our study provides insights into understanding craniofacial development and CFM pathogenesis.
2024-03-04 | GSE226184 | GEO
Project description:Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital defect that usually results from aberrant development of embryonic pharyngeal arches. However, the molecular basis of CFM pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here, we employ the zebrafish model to investigate mechanisms of CFM pathogenesis. In early embryos, tet2 and tet3 are essential for pharyngeal cartilage development. Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals that loss of Tet2/3 impaired chondrocyte differentiation due to insufficient BMP signaling. Moreover, biochemical and genetic evidence reveals that the sequence-specific 5mC/5hmC-binding protein, Sall4, binds the promoter of bmp4 to activate bmp4 expression and control pharyngeal cartilage development. Mechanistically, Sall4 directs co-phase separation of Tet2/3 with Sall4 to form condensates that mediate 5mC oxidation on the bmp4 promoter, thereby promoting bmp4 expression and enabling sufficient BMP signaling. These findings suggest the TET-BMP-Sall4 regulatory axis is critical for pharyngeal cartilage development. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into understanding craniofacial development and CFM pathogenesis.
2024-02-02 | PXD049147 |
Project description:Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital defect that usually results from aberrant development of embryonic pharyngeal arches. However, the molecular basis of CFM pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here we employ zebrafish model to investigate the mechanism of CFM pathogenesis. In early embryos, tet2 and tet3 are highly expressed and are essential for pharyngeal cartilage development. Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic analyses reveal that loss of Tet2/3 impaired chondrocyte differentiation largely due to insufficient BMP signaling. Mechanistically, Tet2/3-mediated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine modification allows the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine “reader”, Sall4, to specifically bind the bmp4 promoter, thereby promoting bmp4 expression and enabling efficient BMP signaling. These findings indicate the TET-BMP regulatory axis via 5-hydroxymethylcytosine to be critical for pharyngeal cartilage development. Whole-exome sequencing of CFM patient samples show that single nucleotide polymorphisms in TET and BMP pathway genes increase the risk of CFM. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into understanding craniofacial development and CFM pathogenesis.
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Project description:Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital defect that usually results from aberrant development of embryonic pharyngeal arches. However, the molecular basis of CFM pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here we employ zebrafish model to investigate the mechanism of CFM pathogenesis. In early embryos, tet2 and tet3 are highly expressed and are essential for pharyngeal cartilage development. Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic analyses reveal that loss of Tet2/3 impaired chondrocyte differentiation largely due to insufficient BMP signaling. Mechanistically, Tet2/3-mediated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine modification allows the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine “reader”, Sall4, to specifically bind the bmp4 promoter, thereby promoting bmp4 expression and enabling efficient BMP signaling. These findings indicate the TET-BMP regulatory axis via 5-hydroxymethylcytosine to be critical for pharyngeal cartilage development. Whole-exome sequencing of CFM patient samples show that single nucleotide polymorphisms in TET and BMP pathway genes increase the risk of CFM. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into understanding craniofacial development and CFM pathogenesis.
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Project description:Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital defect that usually results from aberrant development of embryonic pharyngeal arches. However, the molecular basis of CFM pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here we employ zebrafish model to investigate the mechanism of CFM pathogenesis. In early embryos, tet2 and tet3 are highly expressed and are essential for pharyngeal cartilage development. Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic analyses reveal that loss of Tet2/3 impaired chondrocyte differentiation largely due to insufficient BMP signaling. Mechanistically, Tet2/3-mediated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine modification allows the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine “reader”, Sall4, to specifically bind the bmp4 promoter, thereby promoting bmp4 expression and enabling efficient BMP signaling. These findings indicate the TET-BMP regulatory axis via 5-hydroxymethylcytosine to be critical for pharyngeal cartilage development. Whole-exome sequencing of CFM patient samples show that single nucleotide polymorphisms in TET and BMP pathway genes increase the risk of CFM. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into understanding craniofacial development and CFM pathogenesis.
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