Expression profiling of METTL14 depleted human pancreatic β-like cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA990567 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR25113438_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25113438_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25113439_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25113439_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25113440_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant chemical modification in mRNA, and plays important roles in human embryonic stem cell pluripotency, maintenance, and differentiation. However, the role of m6A and the precise mechanisms involved during the development of β-cells are unexplored. Here, we explored the requirement of METTL14-mediated m6A RNA methylome in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation by simultaneously inducing METTL14 knockdown in H1 and MEL1 hESCs with doxycycline (Dox) treatment and differentiating hESCs towards the three embryonic germ layers using embryoid body (EB) formation assays.
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Project description:Insulin-secreting β cells and glucagon-secreting α cells maintain physiological blood glucose levels, and their malfunction drives diabetes development. Using ChIP sequencing and RNA sequencing analysis, we determined the epigenetic and transcriptional landscape of human pancreatic α, β, and exocrine cells. We found that, compared with exocrine and β cells, differentiated α cells exhibited many more genes bivalently marked by the activating H3K4me3 and repressing H3K27me3 histone modifications. This was particularly true for β cell signature genes involved in transcriptional regulation. Remarkably, thousands of these genes were in a monovalent state in β cells, carrying only the activating or repressing mark. Our epigenomic findings suggested that α to β cell reprogramming could be promoted by manipulating the histone methylation signature of human pancreatic islets. Indeed, we show that treatment of cultured pancreatic islets with a histone methyltransferase inhibitor leads to colocalization of both glucagon and insulin and glucagon and insulin promoter factor 1 (PDX1) in human islets and colocalization of both glucagon and insulin in mouse islets. Thus, mammalian pancreatic islet cells display cell-type–specific epigenomic plasticity, suggesting that epigenomic manipulation could provide a path to cell reprogramming and novel cell replacement-based therapies for diabetes. Pancreatic islets were collected post-mortem from 6 human donors and subjected to FACS to separate populations of alpha, beta, and exocrine cells. Depending on the availability of resulting material, sorted islet cell populations were used for H3K4me3, H3K27me3 ChIP-seq, or RNA-seq analysis. All ChIP-seq samples have a corresponding input from the same sample.
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