Notch3 is an asymmetric gene and a modifier of heart looping defects in Nodal mouse mutants
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA994014 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The TGFb secreted factor NODAL is a major left determinant required for the asymmetric morphogenesis of visceral organs, including the heart. Yet, when this signalling is absent, shape asymmetry, for example of the embryonic heart loop, is not fully abrogated, indicating that there are other factors regulating left-right patterning. Here, we used a tailored transcriptomic approach to screen for genes asymmetrically expressed in the field of heart progenitors. We thus identify Notch3 as a novel left-enriched gene and validate, by quantitative in situ hybridization, its transient asymmetry in the lateral plate mesoderm and node crown, overlapping with Nodal. In mutant embryos, we analysed the regulatory hierarchy and demonstrate that Nodal in the lateral plate mesoderm amplifies Notch3 asymmetric expression. The function of Notch3 was uncovered in an allelic series of mutants. In single neonate mutants, we observe that Notch3 is required with partial penetrance for ventricle thickness, septation and aortic valve, in addition to its known role in coronary arteries. In compound mutants, we reveal that Notch3 acts as a genetic modifier of heart looping direction and shape defects in Nodal mutants. Whereas Notch3 was previously mainly associated with the CADASIL syndrome, our observations in the mouse and a human cohort support a novel role in congenital heart defects and laterality defects.
2025-01-31 | GSE237126 | GEO
Project description:The secreted factor Nodal has been shown to be a major left determinant. Although it is associated with severe congenital heart defects, its role in heart morphogenesis has remained poorly understood. Here, we report that Nodal is transiently active in precursors of the mouse heart tube poles, before the morphological changes of heart looping. In conditional mutants, we show that Nodal is not required to initiate asymmetric morphogenesis. We provide evidence of a heart-specific random generator of asymmetry that is independent of Nodal. Using 3D quantifications and simulations, we demonstrate that Nodal functions as a bias of this mechanism: it is required to amplify and coordinate opposed left-right asymmetries at the heart tube poles, thus generating a robust helical shape. We identify downstream effectors of Nodal signalling, regulating asymmetries in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and extra-cellular matrix composition. Our work provides novel insight into how Nodal regulates asymmetric organogenesis.
2020-11-09 | GSE148123 | GEO
Project description:Loss of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and abnormal accumulation of the extracellular domain of the NOTCH3 (Notch3ECD) receptor are the two core features of CADASIL, the most common genetic cerebral small vessel disease. Although CADASIL is known to be caused by highly stereotyped dominant mutations in NOTCH3, the relationship between NOTCH3 receptor activity, Notch3ECD accumulation and arterial SMC loss has remained elusive, hampering the development of disease-modifying therapies. Using novel histopathological and multiscale imaging modalities, we quantified previously undetectable CADASIL-driven focal arterial SMC loss in the central nervous system of mice expressing the archetypal Arg169Cys CADASIL mutation. Notably, we found more severe arterial pathology and greater Notch3ECD accumulation in transgenic model mice overexpressing the mutation on a homozygous wild-type Notch3 background (TgNotch3R169C) than in knock-in model Notch3R170C/R170C mice expressing this mutation without a wild-type Notch3 copy. We further showed that wild-type Notch3ECD co-aggregated with mutant Notch3ECD and that elimination of one copy of wild-type Notch3 in TgNotch3R169C mice was sufficient to attenuate Notch3ECD accumulation and arterial pathology. Importantly, RNA sequencing revealed no substantial change in the expression of Notch3-regulated genes in TgNotch3R169C brain arteries. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence that Notch3ECD accumulation, involving mutant and wild-type NOTCH3, and not aberrant NOTCH3 signaling, is the key driver of arterial SMC loss in CADASIL, thus identifying NOTCH3-lowering approaches as candidate therapeutic strategies.
2024-04-17 | GSE242794 | GEO
Project description:Molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of brain mural cells from neural crest are poorly understood. We found that activation of Notch3 signaling in human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural crest (using lentiviral overexpression of the human Notch3 intracellular domain, N3ICD) was sufficient to direct the differentiation of mural cells. We used Notch3 ChIP-sequencing to identify cis-regulatory elements directly bound by the Notch3 transcriptional activation complex in this system.
2024-02-02 | GSE205212 | GEO
Project description:Migratory embryonal neuroblasts give rise to several tissues, including the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Neuroblastomas are paediatric tumours of the peripheral SNS with a highly variable prognosis. We observed that high NOTCH3 expression in neuroblastomas correlated with a poor prognosis. Expression of a NOTCH3 transgene in neuroblastoma cells induced many motility genes and conferred a highly motile phenotype. Expression of these motility genes strongly correlated with NOTCH3 expression in neuroblastomas and many other tumours, suggesting a general role for NOTCH3 in regulation of these genes. Silencing of NOTCH3 or genes of the Notch-processing M-NM-3-secretase complex induced apoptosis in all neuroblastoma cell lines tested. These data suggest that NOTCH3 is a key-regulator of motility, and indispensable for survival of neuroblastoma cells. Time-course experiments of NOTCH3IC induction in two independent clones (c6 and c8), with 9 or 8 time points, respectively.
2013-08-06 | E-GEOD-16477 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Molecular defects in some ultra-rare subtypes of familial lipodystrophies remain unidentified. We identified novel NOTCH3 heterozygous variants in familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) pedigrees. All variants were clustered in the heterodimerization domain of the negative regulatory region of NOTCH3. Proteomics of skin fibroblasts revealed significantly higher RNA expression of NOTCH3 and activation of widespread senescence pathways in the FPL patients versus controls.
2024-10-28 | MSV000096235 | MassIVE
Project description:Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a prevalent disease of aging and a major contributor to stroke and dementia. The most commonly inherited SVD, CADASIL, is caused by dominantly acting cysteine-altering mutations in NOTCH3. These mutations change the number of cysteines from an even to an odd number, but the impact of these alterations on NOTCH3 protein structure remain unclear. Here, we prepared wildtype and four mutant recombinant NOTCH3 protein fragments to analyze the impact of CADASIL mutations on oligomerization, thiol status, and protein stability. Using gel electrophoresis, tandem MS/MS, and collision-induced unfolding, we find that NOTCH3 mutant proteins feature increased amounts of inappropriate disulfide bridges, reduced cysteines, and structural instability. Presence of a second protein factor, an N-terminal fragment of NOTCH3 (NTF), is capable of further altering disulfide statuses of both wildtype and mutant proteins, leading to increased numbers of reduced cysteines and further destabilization of NOTCH3 structure. In sum, these studies identify specific cysteine residues alterations and quaternary structure induced by CADASIL mutations in NOTCH3; further, we validate that reductive factors alter the structure and stability of this small vessel disease protein.
2022-05-20 | PXD031097 | Pride
Project description:Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are important for contraction, blood flow distribution and regulation of blood vessel diameter, but to what extent they contribute to the integrity of blood vessels and blood-brain barrier function is less well understood. In this report, we explored the impact of the progressive loss of VSMC in the Notch3-/- mouse on blood vessel integrity in the central nervous system To explore the molecular consequences of the VSMC phenotype in Notch3-/- mice, we performed genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the brain vasculature in mutants and littermate controls using Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array. Three Notch3 knockout and three littermate control mice at age of 2 months were used to profile the transcriptomes. Total RNA was extracted from cerebral and cerebellar microvascular fragments and hyrbridized separately on the Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array according to standard procedures.
2015-02-18 | E-GEOD-55203 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15-20% of all breast cancers and mainly affects pre-menopausal and minority women. Therapeutic options are yet limited, in part because of acquisition of tumor cells with cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, leading to intrinsic resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and immune evasion capacity. Dysregulated Notch signaling has been linked to breast cancer and in this study, we demonstrate the pivotal role of NOTCH3 in inducing the enrichment of chemoresistant ALDHhigh CSCs. Significantly, selective targeting of NOTCH3 with AV-353, a novel humanized monoclonal antibody, or by shRNA-mediated knockdown, impaired the enrichment of ALDHhigh CSCs with high self-renewal capacity, induced apoptosis and enhanced chemosensitivity. AV-353 treatment similarly reduced growth of xenografted tumors in vivo. Moreover, blocking NOTCH3 by AV-353 or shRNA reduced PD-L1 expression in TNBC cells, which was linked to the inhibition of tumor growth and enhancement of CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Taken together, these findings provide preclinical evidence for NOTCH3 as a novel therapeutic target in TNBC and reveal a novel NOTCH3/PD-L1 oncogenic axis as a platform for the betterment of TNBC therapy.
2024-06-28 | GSE236140 | GEO