Effects of altered levels of Cyp6g1 and of Dhr96 on gene expression in Drosophila
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster
SUBMITTER: Sheetal Shah
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-27376 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:To investigate the systemic molecular changes occurring as a result of Dhr96 knockdown or over-expression, a comparison between knockdown or overexpression lines and their genetic controls were performed. 0-3 day old adult males or females were reared on 3 separate batches of diet (this was the standard diet we used for culturing Drosophila melanogaster and was made up of 10L water, 100g agar (USP #7060 Bio-serve), 350g Brewer’s dried yeast (Sunshine Health), 300g black treacle (Lyles), 150g sucrose (Tate & Lyle), 300g Difco dextrose (Becton Dickinson), 150g cornmeal (#1151, Bioserve), 100g wheatgerm (#1659, Bioserve), 200g soya bean flour (#S9633 Sigma Aldrich), 10g methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (#H3647 Sigma Aldrich) in 10ml ethanol, 50ml proprionic acid (#P5561 Sigma Aldrich)). Each of these 3 batches was considered to represent independent biological replication. The RNA samples were hybridized to the Affymetrix Drosophila GeneChip 2. Previous Q-PCR analysis had indicated that there was differential Dhr96 gene expression in the knockdown or overexpression strains compared to their controls. (This was also inferred from phenotypes resulting from other distinct crosses.) However the first analysis carried out on these samples was to verify the levels of differential Dhr96 gene expression. From this analysis we found no evidence that Dhr96 is down-regulated in the knockdown line compared to its control for either Males or Females, as the confidence intervals for the fold change include the value of one and the p-values are large. Therefore the knockdown line and its control samples were excluded from further analysis. The overexpression line did however show significant up-regulation of Dhr96 expression relative to its control in both Males and Females, and was further analyzed. Flies of the appropriate genotype (Dhr96 knockdown or over-expression and their genetic controls) were reared on 3 different batches of diet (same recipe, prepared on different days). 0-3 day old adults were collected (males and females stored seperately) and each sample was hybridised independently to a chip.
2011-02-17 | E-GEOD-27345 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To test whether other genes were being silenced in the Cyp6g1 knockdown strain due to off-target RNAi effects, and whether other gene expression changes were contributing to the altered susceptibility to imidacloprid in these knockdown flies. A comparison between w;Act5C-GAL4/CyO; UAS:RNAi_Cyp6g1Hp2/TM3Sb and the genetic control w;Act-GAL4/CyO;+/TM3Sb was performed. Ten 2-3 day old adult males or females were transferred to sugar-agar plates and then collected at various time points (0, 2, 5, 8 hours). The RNA samples for up to three independent experiments per timepoint for each genotype were then pooled, in equal concentrations, before hybridisation to the Affymetrix Drosophila GeneChip 1. As a preliminary analysis provided evidence for assuming that there is no interaction between genotype and duration in the sugar-agar plate, the knockdown and control chips for each of the five timepoints provided some degree of replication for the comparison between the knockdown flies and control flies. Differential expression that was consistently observed between knockdown and control over each of the five timepoints was regarded as providing evidence of a genuine difference. 2-3 day old adult flies of the appropriate genotype (Cyp6g1 knockdown or its genetic control) were transferred to bioassay plates and collected after specified timepoints in the assay plate, i.e. 0, 2, 5 or 8 hours. Each experiment contained ?3 replicates of each genotype/timepoint, and a different number of independent experiments (1-3) were pooled per microarray sample as described below. An experiment is defined as treatments set up from the same cohort of flies on a single day. Independent experiments are set up using distinct cohorts of flies, on distinct days. We included one pair of tests to compare samples from single experiments with pooled samples from independent experiments (DS003001 to DS003004, DS003002 to DS003005), and also a single pair of samples to compare males to females (DS003002 to DS003003). As it turned out - in our analysis - the timepoints selected were not discriminative, in that there were no differences detected that could be attributed to an effect of time in the bioassay.
2011-02-17 | E-GEOD-27344 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DHR96 is a Drosophila member of the CAR/PXR/LXR family of Nuclear receptors. To Identify potential target genes for the DHR96 nuclear receptor we used microarray analysis to identify genes that were mis-regulated relative to control animals in the DHR96 mutant. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA was isolated from mature adult DHR96 mutant and genetically matched Canton S controls and subjected to affymetrix microarray analysis.
2009-10-27 | E-GEOD-18576 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Phenobarbital is a well studied xenobiotic compound. In this study, we describe the genomic responses in fruit flies and examine whether animals mutant for DHR96, an ortholog of xenobiotic nuclear receptors PXR and CAR, plays a role in mediating xenobiotic responses in Drosophila. Experiment Overall Design: Canton S is a commonly used wild type control strain for xenobiotic studies. Wild type or DHR96 mutant flies were starved overnight and then exposed to either sucrose alone or sucrose supplemented with 0.3% Phenobarbital.
2007-11-11 | E-GEOD-5096 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Muscles undergo developmental transitions in gene expression and alternative splicing that are necessary to refine sarcomere structure and contractility. CUG-BP and ETR-3-like (CELF) family RNA binding proteins are important regulators of RNA processing during myogenesis that are misregulated in diseases such as myotonic dystrophy (DM1). In this work we report a function for Bruno 1 (Bru1, Arrest), a CELF1/2 family homolog in Drosophila, during early muscle myogenesis as well as during later stages of sarcomere assembly and myofiber maturation. We identify an imbalance in growth in sarcomere length and width during later stages of development as the mechanism driving abnormal radial growth, myofibril fusion and the formation of hollow myofibrils in bru1 mutant muscle. Molecularly, we characterize a genome-wide transition from immature to mature sarcomere gene isoform expression in flight muscle development that is blocked in bru1 mutants. We performed whole proteome mass spectrometry in control and bru1 mutant muscle to identify changes to the proteome, and correlated these changes to gene expression and exon use gleaned from mRNA-Seq. Our results reveal the conserved nature of CELF function in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics in muscle development, and demonstrate that defective RNA processing due to misexpression of CELF proteins causes wide-reaching structural defects and progressive malfunction of affected muscles that cannot be rescued by late-stage gene replacement.
2024-03-08 | PXD043308 | Pride
Project description:Manganese is considered essential for animal growth. Manganese ions serve as cofactors to three mitochondrial enzymes: superoxide dismutase (Sod2), arginase and glutamine synthase. In Drosophila melanogaster, manganese has also been implicated in the formation of ceramide phosphoethanolamine, the insect’s sphingomyelin analogue, a structural component of membranes. Manganese overload leads to neurodegeneration and toxicity in both humans and Drosophila. Here, we describe a Drosophila model of manganese deficiency. Due to the lack of manganese-specific chelators, we used chemically defined media to grow the flies and deplete them of the metal. Dietary manganese depletion reduces Sod2 activity. We then examined gene and protein expression changes in the intestines of manganese depleted flies. We found adaptive responses to the lack of the known manganese-dependent enzymatic activities and alterations in genes/enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and glycosylations, similar to earlier reports of manganese deficiency in vertebrate animals.
2020-02-24 | PXD015543 | Pride
Project description:Drosophila X chromosomes are subject to dosage compensation in males and are known to have a specialized chromatin structure in the male soma. We are interested in how specific chromatin structure change contributes to X chromosome hyperactivity and dosage compensation. We have conducted a global analysis of localize two dosage compensation complex dependent histone marks H4AcK16 and H3PS10 and one dosage compensation complex independent histone mark H3diMeK4 in the genome, especially on X chromosome by ChIP-chip approach in both male and female adult flies. We also probed general genomewide chromatin structure by deep DNA sequencing of sheared ChIP input DNA from male and female adult flies. Chromatin immunoprecipitations were performed in 5-7 day aged adult male and female flies with three histone modification antibodies. ChIP enriched DNA and input DNA was labeled by Cy3 or Cy5 dye separately and hybridized simultaneously to the Drosophila FlyGEM arrays. At least two biological replicates were performed for each antibody and sex. DNA-seq (NIDDK-Drosophila-Illumina-DNASeq) were performed on ChIP-input sheared DNA to check the general chromatin structure of different chromosome.
2010-01-11 | E-GEOD-15593 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Drosophila Lnk is the single ancestral orthologue of a highly conserved family of structurally-related intracellular adaptor proteins, the SH2B proteins. As adaptors, they lack catalytic activity but contain several protein-protein interaction domains, thus playing a critical role in signal transduction from receptor tyrosine kinases to form protein networks. Physiological studies of SH2B function in mammals have produced conflicting data. However, a recent study in Drosophila has shown that Lnk is an important regulator of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling (IIS) pathway during growth, functioning in parallel to the insulin receptor substrate, Chico. As this pathway also has an evolutionary conserved role in the determination of organism lifespan, we investigated whether Lnk is required for normal lifespan in Drosophila. Phenotypic analysis of mutants for Lnk revealed that loss of Lnk function results in increased lifespan and improved survival under conditions of oxidative stress and starvation. Starvation resistance was found to be associated with increased metabolic stores of carbohydrates and lipids indicative of impaired metabolism. Biochemical and genetic data suggest that Lnk functions in both the IIS and Ras/Mitogen activated protein Kinase (MapK) signaling pathways. Microarray studies support this model, showing transcriptional feedback onto genes in both pathways as well as indicating global changes in both lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Finally, our data also suggest that Lnk itself may be a direct target of the IIS responsive transcription factor, dFoxo, and that dFoxo may repress Lnk expression. We therefore describe novel functions for a member of the SH2B protein family and provide the first evidence for potential mechanisms of SH2B regulation. Our findings suggest that IIS signaling in Drosophila may require the activity of a second intracellular adaptor, thereby yielding fundamental new insights into the functioning and role of the IIS pathway in ageing and metabolism.
2016-03-30 | E-MTAB-4612 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sex determination mechanisms are bewilderingly diverse. A cascade of genes with hierarchical regulation characterizes sex determination pathways in insects. How such pathways evolve is poorly understood, partly due to a lack of comparative data. Houseflies are well known for their polymorphic sex determination with populations carrying a dominant male determiner M on the Y chromosome or any of the five autosomes. We identified the male determining gene Mdm responsible for splicing regulation of the key switch transformer by exploiting the existence of housefly populations with different sex determination mechanisms. We demonstrate that Mdm originated from duplication of CWC22/nucampholin, a generic and essential splicing regulator across Metazoans with a crucial role in exon-junction complex assembly and non-sense mediated decay. We show that strains with the M-locus on the Y and on different autosomes carry multiple copies of Mdm indicating that the same male determiner translocated to different genomic sites in the genome. We found that embryonic RNAi-based silencing of Mdm leads to differentiation of ovaries in males, while targeted Mdm disruption with CRISPR/CAS-9 resulted in complete sex reversal to fertile females. Our study reveals how a duplicate of a gene with a general splice-regulation role during development can be recruited to serve a specific function in the determination of male sex. Mdm appears to be unique to the housefly representing a compelling example for the plasticity at the instructive level of sex determination hierarchies.
2017-05-12 | E-MTAB-5080 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DHR96 is a Drosophila member of the CAR/PXR/LXR family of Nuclear receptors. To Identify potential target genes for the DHR96 nuclear receptor we used microarray analysis to identify genes that were mis-regulated relative to control animals in the DHR96 mutant.
2009-10-16 | GSE18576 | GEO