Project description:Olfactory ensheathing cells are one of the few central nervous system regenerative cells discovered so far. It is characterized by its lifelong nerve regeneration function, and it can also release a variety of neurotrophic factors and neural adhesion molecules. It is considered to be the glial cell with the strongest myelination ability. Olfactory ensheathing cells and Schwann cells have phenotypes in common, they can promote axon regeneration(R. Doucette, 1995). Olfactory ensheathing cells have the characteristics of Schwann cells and astrocytes, but the overall performance tends to be the former, which has two unique characteristics. First, it exists not only in the peripheral nerves (Schwann cells), but also in the central nervous system (astroglia); second, the olfactory mucosa has the ability to regenerate life-long, including human olfactory ensheathing cells(J. C. Bartolomei and C. A. Greer, 2000). Regeneration is a process in which olfactory ensheathing cells participate in efficient regulation, although the specific mechanism is not yet clear. Olfactory ensheathing cells are different from astrocytes and Schwann cells, but at the same time have the characteristics of these two cells(S. C. Barnett, 2004), like Schwann cells help axon growth, but more than Schwann cells It can make axons grow long distances, that is, it has stronger migration(A. Ramon-Cueto et al., 1998); there are also astrocytes that have a nutritional effect on the survival of neurons and the growth of axons, but olfactory ensheathing cells can also wrap neurons forms myelin sheath to support the growth of nerve processes(R. Devon and R. Doucette, 1992; J. Gu et al., 2019). There are two characteristics that make olfactory ensheathing cells the best choice for the treatment of neurological diseases(S. C. Chiu et al., 2009; J. Kim et al., 2018; M. Abdel-Rahman et al., 2018). Olfactory ensheathing cells are gradually used to treat spinal cord injuries and have shown amazing effects(J. C. Bartolomei and C. A. Greer, 2000; K. J. Liu et al., 2010; R. Yao et al., 2018). Olfactory ensheathing cells that have been used in research are usually derived from the olfactory bulb(E. H. Franssen et al., 2007), but it is easier to obtain olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory mucosa in clinical practice(M. Ryszard et al., 2006), so the difference between the olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and the olfactory mucosa There are more and more studies(B. M. U. et al., 2007), and previous studies have shown that they not only have many similar functions, but also have many differences(M. W. Richter et al., 2005; L. Wang et al., 2014; K. E. Smith et al., 2020). Because olfactory ensheathing cells derived from the olfactory bulb are not easy to obtain, olfactory ensheathing cells derived from the olfactory mucosa have become the focus of attention. Although we know that olfactory ensheathing cells from two sources have nerve repair functions, it is not clear why the two different sources of olfactory ensheathing cells have different therapeutic effects. Nicolas G. once studied that the genetic difference between the two cells and found that there are many genes related to wound repair and nerve regeneration(G. Nicolas et al., 2010). We have reason to guess that olfactory ensheathing cells from these two sources will also have a large difference in protein level. Our research group wants to use the current mature transcriptome and proteomic sequencing technologies to explore the difference between olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa, and explain why the two sources of olfactory ensheathing cells shows different therapeutic effects, hope to provide a new theoretical basis for future clinical treatment.
Project description:Tendon fascicles were extracted from tails of freshly euthanized mice and cultured for 6 days ex vivo in serum containing medium (10%) at either 3% oxygen and 29 degrees celsius or 21% oxygen and 37 degrees celsius.
Project description:Tendon fascicles were analysed directly after isolation from the tail of freshly euthanized mice and after of after ex vivo culture for 6 days. Fascicles were cultured in either serum containing medium (10%) or in serum-free medium at 21% oxygen and 37 degrees celsius.
Project description:Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are lung resident phagocytes. They derive from fetal liver monocytes, which colonize the lung during embryonic development and give rise to fully mature AMs perinatally. We have identified TGF- signaling as an indispensible regulator during this process. To analyze the impact of TGF- on the entire transcriptome of AMs, we performed RNA-seq on AMs deficient of Tgfbr2 in CD11cCre/+ Tgfbr2fl/fl mice at P3 with Tgfbr2fl/fl littermates as a control.
Project description:The experiment was carried out to characterize new biological functions of components of the cap-binding complex. A2Lox mouse embryonic stem cells were transfected with Srrt- or Ncbp1-specific siRNA or a non-targeting siRNA control. Total RNAs were extracted at 48 hours post transfection and QC'd. For mRNA-Seq analyses, purified total RNAs were hybridized with oligo(dT) magnetic beads to isolate the poly(A) RNA fraction. Stranded mRNA sequencing libraries were then prepared using the Illumina TruSeq Stranded mRNA Library Kit and sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument. For 3'mRNA-Seq, sequencing-ready libraries were produced using a QuantSeq 3' mRNA-Seq Library Prep Kit REV and sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument.
Project description:In order to investigate the differentially expressed genes in Acsl4 knockout after TAC (Transverse aortic constriction) or sham surgery. The experiment was divided to four groups including sham-operated Acsl4 flox/flox mice (FS), sham-operated Acsl4 knockout mice (KS), TAC-operated Acsl4 flox/flox mice (FT), TAC-operated Acsl4 knockout mice (KT) n=3 mice/group. The heart tissue was isolated after 21 days after performing TAC or sham surgery.
Project description:The epigenetic dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes is a major driver of human carcinogenesis. We have combined genome-wide methylation analyses with functional screening to identify novel candidate tumor suppressor genes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We find that the dual-specificity phosphatase DUSP4 is aberrantly silenced in nodal and extranodal DLBCL due to promoter hypermethylation; ectopic expression of wild type DUSP4, but not of a phosphatase-deficient mutant, dephosphorylates c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) and induces apoptosis in DLBCL cells. JNK inhibition prevents DLBCL survival in vitro and in vivo, and synergizes strongly with inhibitors of chronic active B-cell receptor signaling. Our results provide a mechanistic basis for the clinical development of JNK inhibitors in DLBCL, alone or in synthetic lethal combinations. A methylation profiling data set related to this experiment was also deposited at ArrayExpress under accession number E-MTAB-2926: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/experiments/E-MTAB-2926/
Project description:Flower phenotypes in the species Diplacus aurantiacus in Southern California along an east west transect range from large, yellow, insect-pollinated flowers through orange flowers to small, red, bird-pollinated flowers. Until now, intermediate forms were attributed to recurrent hybridization at the (sub)-species level. However, by monitoring the flower phenotypes of these populations in field studies over the past 20 years, Rolf Baumberger observed that the transition in flower phenotype occurs during the lifespan of individual long-lived plants, thus ruling out a hybrid origin of intermediate forms. Further research has revealed that this transition bears the hallmark of an epigenetic transition. The small, red, bird-pollinated state is stable and heritable but reverts at frequencies of 1-2 %, much higher than that of genetic alterations. In our first approach a comparative transcriptome analysis of individuals of both stable morphotypes, we like to unravel candidate genes involved in floral colour and morphology determination.
Project description:E7.5 embryos from Dnmt3a/3b conditional knock-out mice were isolated, and the epiblast and ectoplacental cone dissected. RNA was isolated from these tissues and mRNA sequencing libraries were generated using the ScriptSeq v2 kit.This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/
Project description:We hypothesized that there were genes involved in the maintenance of intestinal tolerance to commensal bacteria. These genes should meet the following criteria: expressed in intestines, upregulated in the presence of commensal bacteria and downregulated in absence of microbes. To find these genes, we collected small intestines from postnatal mice that neither affected by the bacteria nor by the food, adult mice bred in germ-free or specific pathogen-free conditions, and adult SPF mice treated with antibiotics. We therefore performed bulk RNA sequencing using these cells.