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Back to the future: covalent epitope-based HIV vaccine development.


ABSTRACT: Traditional HIV vaccine approaches have proved ineffective because the immunodominant viral epitopes are mutable and the conserved epitopes necessary for infection are not sufficiently immunogenic. The CD4 binding site expressed by the HIV envelope protein of glycoprotein 120 is essential for viral entry into host cells. In this article, we review the B-cell superantigenic character of the CD4 binding site as the cause of its poor immunogenicity. We summarize evidence supporting development of covalent immunization as the first vaccine strategy with the potential to induce an antibody response to a conserved HIV epitope that neutralizes genetically divergent HIV strains.

SUBMITTER: Paul S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3043596 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Back to the future: covalent epitope-based HIV vaccine development.

Paul Sudhir S   Planque Stephanie S   Nishiyama Yasuhiro Y   Escobar Miguel M   Hanson Carl C  

Expert review of vaccines 20100901 9


Traditional HIV vaccine approaches have proved ineffective because the immunodominant viral epitopes are mutable and the conserved epitopes necessary for infection are not sufficiently immunogenic. The CD4 binding site expressed by the HIV envelope protein of glycoprotein 120 is essential for viral entry into host cells. In this article, we review the B-cell superantigenic character of the CD4 binding site as the cause of its poor immunogenicity. We summarize evidence supporting development of c  ...[more]

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