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Alteration of bile acid metabolism in the rat induced by chronic ethanol consumption.

ABSTRACT: Our understanding of the bile acid metabolism is limited by the fact that previous analyses have primarily focused on a selected few circulating bile acids; the bile acid profiles of the liver and gastrointestinal tract pools are rarely investigated. Here, we determined how chronic ethanol consumption altered the bile acids in multiple body compartments (liver, gastrointestinal tract, and serum) of rats. Rats were fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with 38% of calories as ethanol (the amount equivalent of 4-5 drinks in humans). While conjugated bile acids predominated in the liver (98.3%), duodenum (97.8%), and ileum (89.7%), unconjugated bile acids comprised the largest proportion of measured bile acids in serum (81.2%), the cecum (97.7%), and the rectum (97.5%). In particular, taurine-conjugated bile acids were significantly decreased in the liver and gastrointestinal tract of ethanol-treated rats, while unconjugated and glycine-conjugated species increased. Ethanol consumption caused increased expression of genes involved in bile acid biosynthesis, efflux transport, and reduced expression of genes regulating bile acid influx transport in the liver. These results provide an improved understanding of the systemic modulations of bile acid metabolism in mammals through the gut-liver axis.

SUBMITTER: Xie G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3752538 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Alteration of bile acid metabolism in the rat induced by chronic ethanol consumption.

Xie Guoxiang G Zhong Wei W Li Houkai H Li Qiong Q Qiu Yunping Y Zheng Xiaojiao X Chen Huiyuan H Zhao Xueqing X Zhang Shucha S Zhou Zhanxiang Z Zeisel Steven H SH Jia Wei W

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 20130524 9

Our understanding of the bile acid metabolism is limited by the fact that previous analyses have primarily focused on a selected few circulating bile acids; the bile acid profiles of the liver and gastrointestinal tract pools are rarely investigated. Here, we determined how chronic ethanol consumption altered the bile acids in multiple body compartments (liver, gastrointestinal tract, and serum) of rats. Rats were fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with 38% of calories as ethanol (the amo ...[more]

PMID: 23709616

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Project description:This study investigated changes in gene expression associated with ethanol drinking in adult male P rats under the following conditions for 8 weeks: continuous access (24 hr/day, 7 days/week), multiple scheduled access (three 1-hr sessions during the dark cycle/day, 5 days/week) and ethanol-naive (water). The objective of this study was to investigate changes in gene expression associated with ethanol drinking. Adult male alcohol-preferring (P) rats were given Ethanol in their home-cages under continuous access (CA; 24 hr/day, 7 days/week) or multiple scheduled access (MSA; three 1-hr sessions during the dark cycle/day, 5 days/week) conditions for 8 weeks. A third group was ethanol-naÃÂ¯ve (W group). Average ethanol intakes, across the 8 weeks, for the CA and MSA groups were approximately 9.5 and 6.5 g/kg/day, respectively. Fifteen hr after the last ethanol drinking episode, rats were euthanized, the brains rapidly extracted, and the nucleus accumbens (ACB) dissected. RNA was extracted and purified for microarray analysis. The only significant differences, overall, were between the CA and W groups (p < 0.01; Storey false discovery rate = 0.15); there were 374 significant differences in unique named genes between these 2 groups. There were 20 significant Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes categories, which included Ã¢ÂÂnegative regulation of protein kinase activityÃ¢ÂÂ, Ã¢ÂÂanti-apoptosisÃ¢ÂÂ, and Ã¢ÂÂregulation of G-protein-coupled receptor protein signaling pathwayÃ¢ÂÂ. IngenuityÃÂ® analysis indicated a network of transcription factors, involving oncogenes (Fos, Jun, Junb had higher expression levels in the ACB of the CA than W group), suggesting increased neuronal activity in the CA group. There were 13 genes (Hspa5, Stom, Lcn7, Tceb3, Cdc42, Rap1ga1, Ece1, Dhrs3, Plod1, Kif1b, Nmnat1, Srpr, Esam) significantly different between the CA and W groups located within both mouse and rat ethanol QTLs, suggesting that these genes may contribute to ethanol drinking behavior. In conclusion, the robust differences in gene expression found between the CA and W groups, but not observed between the MSA and W groups, may be a result of the higher daily ethanol intakes of the CA group, and/or its initial ethanol withdrawal. Experiment Overall Design: 10 samples each of control, continuous ethanol and limited access ethanol

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Alteration of bile acid metabolism in the rat induced by chronic ethanol consumption.

Publications

Alteration of bile acid metabolism in the rat induced by chronic ethanol consumption.

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