NF-?B inhibition by dimethylaminoparthenolide radiosensitizes non-small-cell lung carcinoma by blocking DNA double-strand break repair.

ABSTRACT: Despite optimal chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT), and/or surgery, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in the US and worldwide. Thoracic RT, a mainstay in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC, is often restricted in efficacy by a therapeutic index limited by sensitivity of tissues surrounding the malignancy. Therefore, radiosensitizers that can improve the therapeutic index are a vital unmet need. Inhibition of the NF-?B pathway is a proposed mechanism of radiosensitization. Here we demonstrate that inhibition of the canonical NF-?B pathway by dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) radiosensitizes NSCLC by blocking DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. NF-?B inhibition results in significant impairment of both homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), as well as reductions in ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DNA repair biomarkers. NF-?B inhibition by DMAPT shows preclinical potential for further investigation as a NSCLC radiosensitizer.

SUBMITTER: Deraska PV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5841323 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature