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Divergent effects of resistance and endurance exercise on plasma bile acids, FGF19, and FGF21 in humans.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Exercise has profound pleiotropic health benefits, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Endocrine FGF21, bile acids (BAs), and BA-induced FGF19 have emerged as metabolic signaling molecules. Here, we investigated if dissimilar modes of exercise, resistance exercise (RE) and endurance exercise (EE), regulate plasma BAs, FGF19, and FGF21 in humans. METHODS:Ten healthy, moderately trained males were enrolled in a randomized crossover study of 1 hour of bicycling at 70% of VO2peak (EE) and 1 hour of high-volume RE. Hormones and metabolites were measured in venous blood and sampled before and after exercise and at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after exercise. RESULTS:We observed exercise mode-specific changes in plasma concentrations of FGF19 and FGF21. Whereas FGF19 decreased following RE (P < 0.001), FGF21 increased in response to EE (P < 0.001). Total plasma BAs decreased exclusively following RE (P < 0.05), but the composition of BAs changed in response to both types of exercise. Notably, circulating levels of the potent TGR5 receptor agonist, lithocholic acid, increased with both types of exercise (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION:This study reveals divergent effects of EE and RE on circulating concentrations of the BA species, FGF19, and FGF21. We identify temporal relationships between decreased BA and FGF19 following RE and a sharp disparity in FGF21 concentrations, with EE eliciting a clear increase parallel to that of glucagon. FUNDING:The Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF17OC0026114) and the Lundbeck Foundation (R238-2016-2859).

SUBMITTER: Morville T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6129127 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Divergent effects of resistance and endurance exercise on plasma bile acids, FGF19, and FGF21 in humans.

Morville Thomas T Sahl Ronni E RE Trammell Samuel Aj SA Svenningsen Jens S JS Gillum Matthew P MP Helge Jørn W JW Clemmensen Christoffer C

JCI insight 20180809 15

<h4>Background</h4>Exercise has profound pleiotropic health benefits, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Endocrine FGF21, bile acids (BAs), and BA-induced FGF19 have emerged as metabolic signaling molecules. Here, we investigated if dissimilar modes of exercise, resistance exercise (RE) and endurance exercise (EE), regulate plasma BAs, FGF19, and FGF21 in humans.<h4>Methods</h4>Ten healthy, moderately trained males were enrolled in a randomized crossover study of 1 hou ...[more]

PMID: 30089729

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Hepcidin is an iron regulating hormone, and exercise-induced hepcidin elevation is suggested to increase the risk of iron deficiency among athletes. OBJECTIVE:We compared serum hepcidin responses to resistance exercise and endurance (cycling) exercise. METHODS:Ten males [mean ± standard error: 172 ± 2 cm, body weight: 70 ± 2 kg] performed three trials: a resistance exercise trial (RE), an endurance exercise trial (END), and a rest trial (REST). The RE consisted of 60 min of resistance exercise (3-5 sets × 12 repetitions, 8 exercises) at 65% of one repetition maximum, while 60 min of cycling exercise at 65% of [Formula: see text] was performed in the END. Blood samples were collected before exercise and during a 6-h post-exercise (0h, 1h, 2h, 3h, 6h after exercise). RESULTS:Both RE and END significantly increased blood lactate levels, with significantly higher in the RE (P < 0.001). Serum iron levels were significantly elevated immediately after exercise (P < 0.001), with no significant difference between RE and END. Both the RE and END significantly increased serum growth hormone (GH), cortisol, and myoglobin levels (P < 0.01). However, exercise-induced elevations of GH and cortisol were significantly greater in the RE (trial × time: P < 0.001). Plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly elevated after exercise (P = 0.003), with no significant difference between the trials. Plasma hepcidin levels were elevated after exercise (P < 0.001), with significantly greater in the RE (463 ± 125%) than in the END (137 ± 27%, P = 0.03). During the REST, serum hepcidin and plasma IL-6 levels did not change significantly. CONCLUSION:Resistance exercise caused a greater exercise-induced elevation in hepcidin than did endurance (cycling) exercise. The present findings indicate that caution will be required to avoid iron deficiency even among athletes in strength (power) types of events who are regularly involved in resistance exercise.

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Divergent effects of resistance and endurance exercise on plasma bile acids, FGF19, and FGF21 in humans.

Publications

Divergent effects of resistance and endurance exercise on plasma bile acids, FGF19, and FGF21 in humans.

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