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The study of Positive and Negative Affect in children and adolescents: New advances in a Spanish version of the PANAS.

ABSTRACT: The study of affective disorders among young population has become increasingly relevant in the last years. The PANAS is a widely used questionnaire devoted to assess positive and negative affect. The main purpose of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the PANAS for children (PANAS). The sample consisted of 1032 children and adolescents aged between 10 and 15 years. The ESEM two factor model (Positive Affect and Negative Affect) was found as the most suitable model. The PANAS scores also showed acceptable internal consistency. The ESEM two factor model was invariant across gender and educational level. Results showed statistically significant differences in the latent mean scores with females scoring higher than males in and younger students scoring lower in PA. Positive and negative affect were related with external variables of well-being. The present psychometric study supports the PANAS as a brief and useful tool for the screening of PA and NA in children and adolescents.

SUBMITTER: Ortuno-Sierra J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6711529 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The study of Positive and Negative Affect in children and adolescents: New advances in a Spanish version of the PANAS.

Ortuño-Sierra Javier J Bañuelos Marta M Pérez de Albéniz Alicia A Molina Beatriz Lucas BL Fonseca-Pedrero Eduardo E

PloS one 20190827 8

The study of affective disorders among young population has become increasingly relevant in the last years. The PANAS is a widely used questionnaire devoted to assess positive and negative affect. The main purpose of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the PANAS for children (PANAS). The sample consisted of 1032 children and adolescents aged between 10 and 15 years. The ESEM two factor model (Positive Affect and Negative Affect) was found as the ...[more]

PMID: 31454388

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Project description:BackgroundFood allergy (FA) is a worldwide concern, increasing up to 50% in the past decade, with a 700% rise in hospitalizations because of anaphylaxis. Individuals diagnosed with FA must have the emotional resources to cope with the many challenges that arise from self-management tasks and the social limitations that FA presents. Therefore, it is clear that close consideration of heightened emotions due to FA is needed.MethodThe present research aimed to adapt the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), one of the most used questionnaires available to measure mood or emotion worldwide, for a population of individuals with FA. We performed one study (N = 205; M age = 37.37; Age range = 18-72). To adapt the measure, we asked participants to what extent they "generally" felt about having a FA, through 20 items (eg, strong, alert - positive affect; upset, scared - negative affect). We used Item Response Theory, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and reliability estimates to assess the data. We also propose a shorter version of the PANAS-FA, using its "best items". Finally, we also used the General Anxiety Disorder-7 measure and Need for Affect Questionnaire to assess convergent validity.ResultsThe PANAS-FA presented a good model fit and strong item parameters. We removed 4 items from each factor for the shorter version, which presented difficulty levels slightly higher than recommended. The short PANAS-FA presented comparable results to the longer version. The measure also showed significant associations with general anxiety and need for affect, which assesses to what extent an individual likes to engage in emotion-inducing situations. Through a mediational model, negative affect significantly influenced general anxiety, partially influenced by the extent individuals avoid emotional situations.ConclusionWe are confident that the adaptation of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule focused on food allergy (PANAS-FA) provides a novel opportunity to understand the intrinsic associations between emotions and living with FA. Identifying which FA emotions are related to these factors may be vital for future interventions, providing an environment that focuses or promotes these emotions to enhance individual well-being.

Project description:Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown strategies have been widely used to contain SARS-CoV-2 virus spread. Children and adolescents are especially vulnerable to suffering psychological effects as result of such measures. In Spain, children were enforced to a strict home lockdown for 42 days during the first wave. Here, we studied the effects of lockdown in children and adolescents through an online questionnaire. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Spain using an open online survey from July (after the lockdown resulting from the first pandemic wave) to November 2020 (second wave). We included families with children under 16 years-old living in Spain. Parents answered a survey regarding the lockdown effects on their children and were instructed to invite their children from 7 to 16 years-old (mandatory scholar age in Spain) to respond a specific set of questions. Answers were collected through an application programming interface system, and data analysis was performed using R. Results: We included 1,957 families who completed the questionnaires, covering a total of 3,347 children. The specific children's questionnaire was completed by 167 kids (7-11 years-old), and 100 adolescents (12-16 years-old). Children, in general, showed high resilience and capability to adapt to new situations. Sleeping problems were reported in more than half of the children (54%) and adolescents (59%), and these were strongly associated with less time doing sports and spending more than 5 h per day using electronic devices. Parents perceived their children to gain weight (41%), be more irritable and anxious (63%) and sadder (46%). Parents and children differed significantly when evaluating children's sleeping disturbances. Conclusions: Enforced lockdown measures and isolation can have a negative impact on children and adolescent's mental health and well-being. In future waves of the current pandemic, or in the light of potential epidemics of new emerging infections, lockdown measures targeting children, and adolescents should be reconsidered taking into account their infectiousness potential and their age-specific needs, especially to facilitate physical activity and to limit time spent on electronic devices.

Dataset Information

The study of Positive and Negative Affect in children and adolescents: New advances in a Spanish version of the PANAS.

Publications

The study of Positive and Negative Affect in children and adolescents: New advances in a Spanish version of the PANAS.

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