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Flavonoid Intake and Plasma Sex Steroid Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Flavonoids potentially exert anti-cancer effects, as suggested by their chemical structures and supported by animal studies. In observational studies, however, the association between flavonoids and breast cancer, and potential underlying mechanisms, remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationship between flavonoid intake and sex hormone levels using timed blood samples in follicular and luteal phases in the Nurses' Health Study II among premenopausal women. METHODS:Plasma concentrations of estrogens, androgens, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEAS), prolactin, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in samples collected between 1996 and 1999. Average flavonoid were calculated from semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires collected in 1995 and 1999. We used generalized linear models to calculate geometric mean hormone concentrations across categories of the intake of flavonoids and the subclasses. RESULTS:Total flavonoid intake generally was not associated with the hormones of interest. The only significant association was with DHEAS (p-trend = 0.02), which was 11.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): -18.6%, -3.0%) lower comparing the highest vs. lowest quartile of flavonoid intake. In subclass analyses, the highest (vs. lowest) quartile of flavan-3-ol intake was associated with significantly lower DHEAS concentrations (-11.3% with 95% CI: -18.3%, -3.7%, p-trend = 0.01), and anthocyanin intake was associated with a significant inverse trend for DHEA (-18.0% with 95% CI: -27.9%, -6.7%, p-trend = 0.003). CONCLUSION:Flavonoid intake in this population had limited impact on most plasma sex hormones in premenopausal women. Anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols were associated with lower levels of DHEA and DHEAS.

SUBMITTER: Wu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6928816 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Flavonoid Intake and Plasma Sex Steroid Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

Wu You Y Hankinson Susan E SE Smith-Warner Stephanie A SA Wang Molin M Eliassen A Heather AH

Nutrients 20191105 11

<h4>Background</h4>Flavonoids potentially exert anti-cancer effects, as suggested by their chemical structures and supported by animal studies. In observational studies, however, the association between flavonoids and breast cancer, and potential underlying mechanisms, remain unclear.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the relationship between flavonoid intake and sex hormone levels using timed blood samples in follicular and luteal phases in the Nurses' Health Study II among premenopausal women.<h4>Me ...[more]

PMID: 31694190

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Project description:Essentials Endogenous hormone levels' influence on hemostatic factor levels is not fully characterized. We tested for associations of endogenous hormone with hemostatic factor levels in postmenopause. Estrone levels were inversely associated with the natural anticoagulant, protein S antigen. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were inversely associated with thrombin generation.Background Oral use of exogenous estrogen/progestin alters hemostatic factor levels. The influence of endogenous hormones on these levels is incompletely characterized. Objectives Our study aimed to test whether, among postmenopausal women, high levels of estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androstenedione, and low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), are positively associated with measures of thrombin generation (TG), a normalized activated protein C sensitivity ratio (nAPCsr), and factor VII activity (FVIIc), and negatively associated with antithrombin activity (ATc) and total protein S antigen (PSAg). Methods This Heart and Vascular Health study cross-sectional analysis included 131 postmenopausal women without a prior venous thrombosis who were not currently using hormone therapy. Adjusted mean differences in TG, nAPCsr, FVIIc, ATc and PSAg levels associated with differences in hormone levels were estimated using multiple linear regression. We measured E2, E1, total T, DHEAS, DHEA and androstenedione levels by mass spectrometry, SHBG levels by immunoassay, and calculated the level of free T. Results One picogram per milliliter higher E1 levels were associated with 0.24% lower PSAg levels (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -0.35, -0.12) and 1 ?g mL-1 higher DHEAS levels were associated with 40.8 nm lower TG peak values (95% CI: -59.5, -22.2) and 140.7 nm×min lower TG endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) (95% CI: -212.1, -69.4). After multiple comparisons correction, there was no evidence for other associations. Conclusions As hypothesized, higher E1 levels were associated with lower levels of the natural anticoagulant PSAg. Contrary to hypotheses, higher DHEAS levels were associated with differences in TG peak and ETP that suggest less generation of thrombin.

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Dataset Information

Flavonoid Intake and Plasma Sex Steroid Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

Publications

Flavonoid Intake and Plasma Sex Steroid Hormones, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Premenopausal Women.

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