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Heat stress alters muscle protein and amino acid metabolism and accelerates liver gluconeogenesis for energy supply in broilers.

ABSTRACT: Heat stress impairs growth performance and alters body protein and amino acid metabolism. This study was investigated to explore how body protein and amino acid metabolism changed under heat stress (HS) and the stress adaptation mechanism. A total of 144 broilers (28 d old) were divided into 3 treatment groups for 1 wk: HS group (32°C), normal control group (22°C), and pair-feeding group (22°C). We found that HS elevated the feed-to-gain ratio, reduced the ADFI and ADG, decreased breast muscle mass and plasma levels of several amino acids (glycine, lysine, threonine, and tyrosine), and increased serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activity and corticosterone (CORT) level and liver GOT and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities. Heat stress elevated muscle atrophy F-box mRNA expression and reduced mRNA expression of the 70-kD ribosomal protein S6 kinase in the breast muscle of broilers. Broilers in the HS group exhibited striking increases of mRNA expressions of solute carrier family 1 member 1, family 3 member 1, family 7 member 1, and family 7 member-like in the liver and liver gluconeogenesis genes (PCKc, PCKm, PC, and FBP1) in comparison with the other 2 groups. In conclusion, HS increased the circulating CORT level and subsequently caused muscle protein breakdown to provide amino acid substrates to liver gluconeogenesis responsible for energy supply.

SUBMITTER: Ma B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7772709 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heat stress alters muscle protein and amino acid metabolism and accelerates liver gluconeogenesis for energy supply in broilers.

Ma Bingbing B Zhang Lin L Li Jiaolong J Xing Tong T Jiang Yun Y Gao Feng F

Poultry science 20201010 1

Heat stress impairs growth performance and alters body protein and amino acid metabolism. This study was investigated to explore how body protein and amino acid metabolism changed under heat stress (HS) and the stress adaptation mechanism. A total of 144 broilers (28 d old) were divided into 3 treatment groups for 1 wk: HS group (32°C), normal control group (22°C), and pair-feeding group (22°C). We found that HS elevated the feed-to-gain ratio, reduced the ADFI and ADG, decreased breast muscle m ...[more]

PMID: 33357684

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Project description:With global warming and worsening climatic conditions, heat stress (HS) has become a significant challenge affecting the development of poultry production. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of HS on breast muscle metabolomics and lipid metabolism-related genes in growing broilers. One hundred twenty 29-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into normal temperature (NT; 21 ± 1 °C) and heat stress (HS; 31 ± 1 °C) groups, with six replicates (ten birds in each replicate) in each group, raised for 14 days in two environment chambers at 60 ± 7% relative humidity. Compared with the broilers in the NT group, the average daily food intake, average daily gain and breast muscle yield in the HS group were significantly lower (p < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher in the HS group (p < 0.05). The concentrations of serum corticosterone, free fatty acids and cholesterol and the percentage of abdominal fat of broilers in the HS group were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the values of the broilers in the NT group. Untargeted breast muscle metabolome analysis revealed 14 upregulated differential metabolites, including glycerophosphocholine, and 27 downregulated differential metabolites, including taurine, in the HS group compared to the NT group; the HS group also displayed significant effects on six metabolic pathways compared to the NT group (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in the liver and breast muscles were significantly decreased in the HS group compared with the NT group (p < 0.05). The collective findings reveal that HS can cause disorders in breast muscle lipid metabolism in broilers. The PPARα gene might be the key gene in the mechanism of the lipid metabolism that is induced by HS in breast muscle of broilers. These findings provide novel insights into the effects of HS on chicken growth.

Project description:This study determined the relationship between inflammation and gluconeogenesis level in broilers in different durations of heat stress. A total of 240 Ross 308 broilers were offered control and heat stress temperature from 21 to 35 d post-hatch, each experimental group had 8 replications, and each replication obtained 15 broilers. The temperature in the control (Ctrl) group and heat stress group were maintained at 24 ± 1°C and 34 ± 1°C, respectively throughout the experimental period. Based on the duration of heat stress, the heat stress group was divided into 2 subgroups, like, 7-d heat stress (28-day-old broiler) designated ST group and 14-d heat stress (35-day-old broiler) designated the LT group. The ad libitum commercial feed and fresh water were provided to all experimental broilers during the experiment. The growth performance of experimental broilers was calculated at 35 d. However, the liver and blood samples were collected from the Ctrl group in 21 d, as well as these samples were collected from the heat stress ST and LT groups in 28-d and 35-d, respectively. Obvious gene expression of immunity, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and glycogenesis, as well as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphate was determined in the liver sample. The blood glucose concentration and histopathology of the liver was also examined in the different grouped broilers. Body weight, weight gain, and feed intake significantly decreased in the 35-d heat stress group than the Ctrl group. However, the feed conversion ratio increased at the 35-d heat stress group than the Ctrl group. The amount of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was significantly higher in ST and LT groups than Ctrl, whereas the blood glucose level was downregulated in the LT group. The amount of adenosine triphosphate was significantly decreased in the LT group than the Ctrl and ST groups. Heat stress acts as an impediment to the general relation between gluconeogenesis and immunity, as well as changes cellular structure. This experiment contributed to the establishment of a relationship between gluconeogenesis and immunity, which affects the growth performance of broilers during heat stress.

Project description:The objective of this study was to determine the effects of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) on breast muscle lipid metabolism in broilers. In experiment 1, 36 thirty-five-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated into 6 treatment groups with 6 birds in a completely randomized design. The broilers were subjected to intravenous injection of His-SUMO-ANGPTL4 at the dose of 0 (injection of normal saline [NS]), 20, 100, 500, 2,500, or 12,500 ng/kg BW, respectively. The results showed that broilers at 30 min after His-SUMO-ANGPTL4 at the level of 12,500 ng/kg BW intravenous injection had higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid in the serum, higher (P < 0.05) adipose triglyceride lipase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 mRNA expression in the breast muscle, but lower (P < 0.05) lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression in the breast muscle. In experiment 2, 18 thirty-five-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups with 6 birds in a completely randomized design. The broilers were subjected to intravenous injection of NS, His-SUMO, or His-SUMO-ANGPTL4 (12,500 ng/kg BW) in order to rule out the effect of His-SUMO tag. It's confirmed that ANGPTL4 could increase (P < 0.05) concentrations of triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid in the serum, enhance (P < 0.05) adipose triglyceride lipase mRNA expression in the breast muscle, and decrease (P < 0.05) LPL mRNA expression in the breast muscle. In experiment 3 and 4, co-culture experiments of chicken primary myoblasts and NS, His-SUMO, or His-SUMO-ANGPTL4 (250 pg/mL, physiological dose) were set up to monitor the cytotoxicity of ANGPTL4 and the changes of lipid metabolism-related genes expression. It was found that cell viability was not affected but LPL mRNA expression in chicken primary myoblasts was highly reduced (P < 0.05) by ANGPTL4. In conclusion, ANGPTL4 could promote lipodieresis and inhibit LPL in the breast muscle of broilers.

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Heat stress alters muscle protein and amino acid metabolism and accelerates liver gluconeogenesis for energy supply in broilers.

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Heat stress alters muscle protein and amino acid metabolism and accelerates liver gluconeogenesis for energy supply in broilers.

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