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Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.

ABSTRACT: The adaptive immune system is important for control of most viral infections. The three fundamental components of the adaptive immune system are B cells (the source of antibodies), CD4⁺ T cells, and CD8⁺ T cells. The armamentarium of B cells, CD4⁺ T cells, and CD8⁺ T cells has differing roles in different viral infections and in vaccines, and thus it is critical to directly study adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 to understand COVID-19. Knowledge is now available on relationships between antigen-specific immune responses and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although more studies are needed, a picture has begun to emerge that reveals that CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells, and neutralizing antibodies all contribute to control of SARS-CoV-2 in both non-hospitalized and hospitalized cases of COVID-19. The specific functions and kinetics of these adaptive immune responses are discussed, as well as their interplay with innate immunity and implications for COVID-19 vaccines and immune memory against re-infection.

SUBMITTER: Sette A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7803150 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.

Sette Alessandro A Crotty Shane S

Cell 20210112 4

The adaptive immune system is important for control of most viral infections. The three fundamental components of the adaptive immune system are B cells (the source of antibodies), CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells. The armamentarium of B cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells has differing roles in different viral infections and in vaccines, and thus it is critical to directly study adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 to understand COVID-19. Knowledge is now ...[more]

PMID: 33497610

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