Functional Anatomy of the Trimer Apex Reveals Key Hydrophobic Constraints That Maintain the HIV-1 Envelope Spike in a Closed State.

ABSTRACT: The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope trimer maintains a closed, metastable configuration to protect vulnerable epitopes from neutralizing antibodies. Here, we identify key hydrophobic constraints at the trimer apex that function as global stabilizers of the HIV-1 envelope spike configuration. Mutation of individual residues within four hydrophobic clusters that fasten together the V1V2, V3, and C4 domains at the apex of gp120 dramatically increases HIV-1 sensitivity to weak and restricted neutralizing antibodies targeting epitopes that are largely concealed in the prefusion Env spike, consistent with the adoption of a partially open trimer configuration. Conversely, the same mutations decrease the sensitivity to broad and potent neutralizing antibodies that preferential

SUBMITTER: Zhang P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8092198 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature