Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

32 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Fabrication of the Ni-NiCl₂ Composite Cathode Material for Fast-Response Thermal Batteries.

ABSTRACT: Thermal batteries with a high power density and rapid activation time are crucial for improving the fast response ability of sophisticated weapons. In this study, an Ni-NiCl₂ composite was prepared via hydrogen reduction and employed as a cathode material. Discharge tests on a battery assembled using the fabricated composite revealed that its initial internal resistance decreased and the activation time reduced. Notably, the Ni-NiCl₂ cathode increased the energy output by 47% (from 6.76 to 9.94 Wh in NiCl₂ and Ni-NiCl₂, respectively) with a cut-off voltage of 25 V; the power density of the novel battery system reached 11.4 kW/kg. The excellent performance of the thermal battery benefited from the high electrode potential and low internal resistance of Ni-NiCl₂. This study contributes to the development of high-performance electrode materials for next-generation thermal battery-related technologies.

SUBMITTER: Tian Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8165393 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Fabrication and Characterization of a Composite Ni-SDC Fuel Cell Cathode Reinforced by Ni Foam

Project description:High-temperature fuel cells (namely, molten carbonate and solid oxide; MCFCs and SOFCs) require the cathode to be designed to maximize oxygen catalytic reduction, oxygen ion transport, electrical conductivity, and gas transport. This then leads to the optimization of the volume fraction and morphology of phases, as they are a pathway for electrons, ions, and gases to be continuous and self-interpenetrating. Apart from the functional properties, the cathode must be mechanically stable to prevent cracking during fuel cell assembly and operation. The manufacturing process of the composite cathode was optimized to meet such requirements in this research work. The tape casting technique and further firing process were used to fabricate the cathodes. The slurry for the green tape was composed of nickel (Ni), cerium oxide doped with samarium oxide (SDC), water (solvent), and an organic binder (which becomes pore space after firing). Each of these elements is necessary for the effective transport of specific species: electrons, oxygen, ions, and gas particles, respectively. Moreover, the nickel foam was embedded into the powder-based structure to improve mechanical strength. The study involved many technological issues, such as the effect of the SDC fraction on the cathode microstructure, mechanical strength, and chemical stability at high temperatures, and also involved environmental issues.

| S-EPMC9319338 | biostudies-literature

Sulfate-Containing Composite Based on Ni-Rich Layered Oxide LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 as High-Performance Cathode Material for Li-ion Batteries.

Project description:Composite positive electrode materials (1-x) LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2?xLi2SO4 (x = 0.002-0.005) for Li-ion batteries have been synthesized via conventional hydroxide or carbonate coprecipitation routes with subsequent high-temperature lithiation in either air or oxygen atmosphere. A comparative study of the materials prepared from transition metal sulfates (i.e., containing sulfur) and acetates (i.e., sulfur-free) with powder X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, high angle annular dark field transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed that the sulfur-containing species occur as amorphous Li2SO4 at the grain boundaries and intergranular contacts of the primary NMC811 crystallites. This results in a noticeable enhancement of rate capability and capacity retention over prolonged charge/discharge cycling compared to their sulfur-free analogs. The improvement is attributed to suppressing the high voltage phase transition and the associated accumulation of anti-site disorder upon cycling and improving the secondary agglomerates' mechanical integrity by increasing interfacial fracture toughness through linking primary NMC811 particles with soft Li2SO4 binder, as demonstrated with nanoindentation experiments. As the synthesis of the (1-x) LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2?xLi2SO4 composites do not require additional operational steps to introduce sulfur, these electrode materials might demonstrate high potential for commercialization.

| S-EPMC7759786 | biostudies-literature

Outstanding Electrochemical Performance of Ni-Rich Concentration-Gradient Cathode Material LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2 for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Project description:The full-concentrationgradient LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2 (CG-LNCM), consisting of core Ni-rich LiNi0.93Co0.07O2, transition zone LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2, and outmost shell LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was prepared by a facile co-precipitation method and high-temperature calcination. CG-LNCM was then investigated with an X-ray diffractometer, ascanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope, and electrochemical measurements. The results demonstrate that CG-LNCM has a lower cation mixing of Li+ and Ni2+ and larger Li+ diffusion coefficients than concentration-constant LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2 (CC-LNCM). CG-LNCM presents a higher capacity and a better rate of capability and cyclability than CC-LNCM. CG-LNCM and CC-LNCM show initial discharge capacities of 221.2 and 212.5 mAh g-1 at 0.2C (40 mA g-1) with corresponding residual discharge capacities of 177.3 and 156.1 mAh g-1 after 80 cycles, respectively. Even at high current rates of 2C and 5C, CG-LNCM exhibits high discharge capacities of 165.1 and 149.1 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles, respectively, while the residual discharge capacities of CC-LNCM are as low as 148.8 and 117.9 mAh g-1 at 2C and 5C after 100 cycles, respectively. The significantly improved electrochemical performance of CG-LNCM is attributed to its concentration-gradient microstructure and the composition distribution of concentration-gradient LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2. The special concentration-gradient design and the facile synthesis are favorable for massive manufacturing of high-performance Ni-rich ternary cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

| S-EPMC10142341 | biostudies-literature

Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 nanosheets with porous structure as a high-performance cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Project description:The morphological and structural optimizations of electrode materials are efficient ways to enhance their electrochemical performance. Herein, we report a facile co-precipitation and subsequent calcination method to fabricate Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 nanosheets consisting of interconnected primary nanoparticles and open holes through the full thickness. By comparing the nanosheets and the agglomerated nanoparticles, the effects of the morphology and structure on the electrochemical performance are investigated. Specifically, the nanosheets exhibit a discharge capacity of 210 mA h g-1 at 0.5C with a capacity retention of 85% after 100 cycles. The improved electrochemical performance could be attributed to their morphological and structural improvements, which may facilitate sufficient electrolyte contacts, short diffusion paths and good structural integrity during the charge/discharge process. This work provides a feasible approach to fabricate lithium-rich layered oxide cathode materials with 2D morphology and porous structure, and reveals the relationships between their morphology, structure and electrochemical performance.

| S-EPMC9043626 | biostudies-literature

Dual function Li-reactive coating from residual lithium on Ni-rich NCM cathode material for Lithium-ion batteries.

Project description:In this study, lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) is coated on the surface of Ni-rich LiNi0.91Co0.06Mn0.03O2 cathode material to enhance its cyclability and rate performance. The process is carried-out by achieving dual benefits, reduction of residual lithium compounds by converting them into Li3PO4 coating material. The 0.1 mol.% Li3PO4 (LiP) sample exhibits a capacity retention of 82% while the pristine NCM shows only 68.1% after 100 cycles. In addition, the LiP-0.1 NCM delivers high discharge capacities (161.9 mAh g-1 at 3C, 144.3 mAh g-1 at 4C and 94.6 mAh g-1 at 5C) as compared to the pristine NCM (129.3 mAh g-1 at 3C, 67.4 mAh g-1 at 4C and 33.4 mAh g-1 at 5C) in the voltage range of 3.0-4.3 V. In addition, the irreversible phase transition has also suppressed in the coated sample which is confirmed by cyclic voltammetry. Our study suggests that Li3PO4 coating reduces the polarization and acts as protecting layer between the electrode and electrolyte that results in the superior electrochemical performance.

| S-EPMC8452671 | biostudies-literature

The Application of Indium Oxide@CPM-5-C-600 Composite Material Derived from MOF in Cathode Material of Lithium Sulfur Batteries.

Project description:Due to the "shuttle effect", the cycle performance of lithium sulfur (Li-S) battery is poor and the capacity decays rapidly. Replacing lithium-ion battery is the maximum problem to be overcome. In order to solve this problem, we use a cage like microporous MOF(CPM-5) as a carbon source, which is carbonized at high temperature to get a micro-mesoporous carbon composite material. In addition, indium oxide particles formed during carbonization are deposited on CPM-5 structure, forming a simple core-shell structure CPM-5-C-600. When it is used as the cathode of Li-S battery, the small molecule sulfide can be confined in the micropores, while the existence of large pore size mesopores can provide a channel for the transmission of lithium ions, so as to improve the conductivity of the material and the rate performance of the battery. After 100 cycles, the specific capacity of the battery can be still maintained at 650 mA h·g-1 and the Coulombic efficiency is close to 100%. When the rate goes up to 2 C, the first discharge capacity not only can reach 1400 mA h·g-1, but also still provides 500 mA h·g-1 after 200 cycles, showing excellent rate performance.

| S-EPMC7022625 | biostudies-literature

Vanadium Pentoxide-Based Composite Synthesized Using Microwave Water Plasma for Cathode Material in Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries.

Project description:Multivalent cation rechargeable batteries are expected to perform well as high-capacity storage devices. Rechargeable magnesium batteries have an advantage in terms of resource utilization and safety. Here, we report on sulfur-doped vanadium pentoxide (S-V₂O₅) as a potential material for the cathodes of such a battery; S-V₂O₅ showed a specific capacity of 300 mAh·g-1. S-V₂O₅ was prepared by a method using a low-temperature plasma generated by carbon felt and a 2.45 GHz microwave generator. This study investigates the ability of S-V₂O₅ to achieve high capacity when added to metal oxide. The highest recorded capacity (420 mAh·g-1) was reached with MnO₂ added to composite SMn-V₂O₅, which has a higher proportion of included sulfur than found in S-V₂O₅. Results from transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the bulk of the SMn-V₂O₅ was the orthorhombic V₂O₅ structure; the surface was a xerogel-like V₂O₅ and a solid solution of MnO₂ and sulfur.

| S-EPMC5452843 | biostudies-other

Effect of Low-Temperature Al2O3 ALD Coating on Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Composite Cathode on the Long-Term Cycling Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Project description:Conformal coating of nm-thick Al2O3 layers on electrode material is an effective strategy for improving the longevity of rechargeable batteries. However, solid understanding of how and why surface coatings work the way they do has yet to be established. In this article, we report on low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 on practical, ready-to-use composite cathodes of NCM622 (60% Ni), a technologically important material for lithium-ion battery applications. Capacity retention and performance of Al2O3-coated cathodes (≤10 ALD growth cycles) are significantly improved over uncoated NCM622 reference cathodes, even under moderate cycling conditions. Notably, the Al2O3 surface shell is preserved after cycling in full-cell configuration for 1400 cycles as revealed by advanced electron microscopy and elemental mapping. While there are no significant differences in terms of bulk lattice structure and transition-metal leaching among the coated and uncoated NCM622 materials, the surface of the latter is found to be corroded to a much greater extent. In particular, detachment of active material from the secondary particles and side reactions with the electrolyte appear to lower the electrochemical activity, thereby leading to accelerated capacity degradation.

| S-EPMC6441043 | biostudies-literature

Cathode coating using LiInO2-LiI composite for stable sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.

Project description:All-solid-state batteries with inorganic solid electrolytes are ideal to overcome the safety issues related to the flammable organic electrolyte in lithium ion batteries. Sulfide materials are promising inorganic electrolytes due to their high ionic conductivity and good elasticity. Nevertheless, their application is limited by their high reactivity and instability at the cathode/electrolyte (Li[Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05]O2/75Li2S-22P2S5-3Li2SO4) interface. In this study, LiInO2 and LiInO2-LiI were introduced as new cathode coating materials to suppress such undesirable reactions. The LiInO2-LiI composite coating layer reduced the undesirable interfacial reactions and prevented the diffusion of S and P ions from the sulfide electrolyte to the oxide cathode. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of all-solid-state cells were improved by the cathode coating. The LiInO2-LiI-coated electrode presented better rate capability and lower impedance than the pristine and LiInO2-coated electrodes. Hence, the LiInO2-LiI composite coating was successful at improving the cathode stability while providing superior electrochemical properties.

| S-EPMC6543035 | biostudies-literature

Influence of Mo addition on the structural and electrochemical performance of Ni-rich cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Project description:Molybdenum modified LiNi0.84Co0.11Mn0.05O2 cathode with different doping concentrations (0-5 wt.%) is successfully prepared and its electrochemical performances are investigated. It is demonstrated that molybdenum in LiNi0.84Co0.11Mn0.05O2 has a positive effect on structural stability and extraordinary electrochemical performances, including improved long-term cycling and high-rate capability. Among all samples, the 1 wt. % molybdenum LiNi0.84Co0.11Mn0.05O2 delivers superior initial discharge capacity of 205 mAh g-1 (0.1 C), cycling stability of 89.5% (0.5 C) and rate capability of 165 mAh g-1 (2 C) compared to those of others. Therefore, we can conclude that the 1 wt. % molybdenum is an effective strategy for Ni-rich LiNi0.84Co0.11Mn0.05O2 cathode used in lithium ion batteries.

| S-EPMC7244510 | biostudies-literature