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Maintenance of broad neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells 1 year post-infection is predicted by SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell responses.


ABSTRACT: Understanding the long-term maintenance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity is critical for predicting protection against reinfection. In an age- and gender-matched cohort of 24 participants, the association of disease severity and early immune responses on the maintenance of humoral immunity 12 months post-infection is examined. All severely affected participants maintain a stable subset of SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells (MBCs) and good neutralizing antibody breadth against the majority of the variants of concern, including the Delta variant. Modeling these immune responses against vaccine efficacy data indicate a 45%-76% protection against symptomatic infection (variant dependent). Overall, these findings indicate durable humoral responses in most participants after infection, reasonable protection against reinfection, and implicate baseline antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses as a predictor of maintenance of antibody neutralization breadth and RBD-specific MBC levels at 12 months post-infection.

SUBMITTER: Balachandran H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8768427 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maintenance of broad neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells 1 year post-infection is predicted by SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell responses.

Balachandran Harikrishnan H   Phetsouphanh Chansavath C   Agapiou David D   Adhikari Anurag A   Rodrigo Chaturaka C   Hammoud Mohamed M   Shrestha Lok Bahadur LB   Keoshkerian Elizabeth E   Gupta Money M   Turville Stuart S   Christ Daniel D   King Cecile C   Sasson Sarah C SC   Bartlett Adam A   Grubor-Bauk Branka B   Rawlinson William W   Aggarwal Anupriya A   Stella Alberto Ospina AO   Klemm Vera V   Mina Michael M MM   Post Jeffrey J JJ   Hudson Bernard B   Gilroy Nicky N   Konecny Pam P   Ahlenstiel Golo G   Dwyer Dominic E DE   Sorrell Tania C TC   Kelleher Anthony A   Tedla Nicodemus N   Lloyd Andrew R AR   Martinello Marianne M   Bull Rowena A RA  

Cell reports 20220119 6


Understanding the long-term maintenance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity is critical for predicting protection against reinfection. In an age- and gender-matched cohort of 24 participants, the association of disease severity and early immune responses on the maintenance of humoral immunity 12 months post-infection is examined. All severely affected participants maintain a stable subset of SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells (MB  ...[more]

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